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作者:洪婉玲
作者(外文):Wan-ling Hung
論文名稱:裸體午餐:異/慾質附身的裸體競技場
論文名稱(外文):Naked Lunch: The Hauntological / Ontological Addiction
指導教授:白大維
指導教授(外文):David Barton
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中央大學
系所名稱:英美語文學系
舊系所名稱:英美語文學研究所
學號:86122001
畢業學年度:90
語文別:英文
論文頁數:62
外文關鍵詞:unemployed negativitythe uncannypostmodernityaddictionthe avant-gardehauntologymodernityontological
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This dissertation is based on the courses I took with professor David Barton: The Abject Body and The Avant-Garde part one and part two. In these courses professor Barton led us to explore the development of the theory of the abject body and the avant-garde alone with their social and historical background. In this dissertation I tried to use what I have learned in these courses as a tool to dissect the text, Naked Lunch, which I chose to elaborate. Before reading the novel I was astonished by the movie, Naked Lunch, directed by David Cronenberg based on the novel. I was shocked by the disturbing images, murmuring monologue, and the talking ass episode in the movie so I decided to get a copy of the novel and read it. However, it was not an easy task to read the novel for the novel is very fragmentary, grotesque, and eccentric. Besides, I lack the background knowledge of the American junky underground slang and jargons, and other cultural background.
By the name of the title I intend to explore Burroughs’s theory of the virus as common human condition. As Burroughs points out that all human beings are potential addicts. In addition to junk, sex, power and language are all viruses and the human body is the soft machine, an arena where all sorts of viruses strive for domination. This virus theory manifests Foucault’s idea that power is productive and it operates by constructing its subject instead of repressing them. The virus theory also manifests the post/modern condition where the distinction between subject and object is obscured, swinging undecidedly, and the boundary between the self and the world is blurred. In the post/modern society technology, capitalism, and the governmental surveillance and policing keep violently penetrate and interfere with the human body and mind. The result is the perpetual conflicts and struggles among these forces and the individuals taking place on the arena of the human body and mind. It is only through these conflicts and struggles that generated from and generate difference in return is the conforming forces and totalitarianism of the dominating hegemony to be broken through.
Moreover, Burroughs is very aware of the fact that the power of the virus exists only when it remains to be an uncanny other, the spectral double. The virus, the other, is charged with the subversive power only when it remains ungraspable like the ghost that haunts the rock-bottom reality and breaks through the power of conformity. The uncanniness of the other generates the uncontrollable desire of repetition coming from the inside. The demonic other residing deeply inside one’s unconsciousness keeps making its reapparitions through accidental repetitions and gradually makes the common daily scene unusual and seem to be full of meaning. The unusual and unfamiliar feeling provokes and yet defeats the desire to incorporate it into one’s cognition. Therefore, it keeps wandering at the margin of the knowledge system, haunting and rupturing. As long as the uncanniness, the phantasy around the other being exorcized, the virus produces only conformity, the hell of the same. For Burroughs, junk and language both are the ultimate viruses because they refuse the revelation of essence and resist conceptual arrest. Only by being an uncanny other that cannot be incorporated or totalized into one’s cognition can the virus make holes in one’s thinking. In so doing, the desire and strength to compete with it keeps generating and keeps the individual free form the solid self-definition by social convention.
In this dissertation I intend to elaborate my understanding of the avant-garde, though roughly, from Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud to the surrealists and the Frankfurt scholars such as George Bataille, Walter Benjamin and those Peter Burger has explored in his book, The Theory of the Avant-garde. I take the theorists such as Jacques Derrida, Jean-Francois Lyotard, and Jean Baudrillard also as the anvant-garde branch because in their writings they share the similar revolutionary intention and self-consciousness or critique about the bourgeois thinking.
Introduction 1
Chapter One Algebra of Need 7
Chapter Two To Speak Is To Lie: The Word Virus 19
Chapter Three To Live Is To Collaborate: The Apomorphine Cure 34
Conclusion 50
Works Cited 54
Bataille, George. The Bataille Reader. Edited by Fred Botting and Scott Wilson. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.
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- - -. Visions of Excess. Trans. and edited by Allan Stoekl. Minneapolis: Minnesota UP, 1985.
Baudrillard Jean, The Transparency of Evil. Trans. James Benedict. London: Verso, 1993.
Benjamin, Walter. Illuminations: Essays and Reflections. Trans. Hannah Arendt. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985.
- - -. Reflections: Essays, Aphorism, Autobiographical Writings. Trans. Peter Demetz. New York: Schocken, 1986.
Burger, Peter. Theory of the Avant-Garde. Minneapolis: Minnesota UP, 1996.
Burroughs, S. William. Junky. New York: Penguin, 1977.
- - -. “Final Words” in The New Yorker, p. 37, August 1997.
- - -. My Education: A Book of Dreams. New York: Penguin, 1995.
- - -. Naked Lunch. New York: Grove, 1992.
- - -. Nova Express. New York: Grove, 1992.
- - -. Queer. New York: Penguin, 1995.
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Certeau, Michel de. “The Garden: Delirium and Delight of Hieronymous Bosch,” The Mystic Fable. Trans. Michael B. Smith. Chicago: Chicago UP, 1992. Pp. 49-72.
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. Biographia Literaria or Biographical Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions. Edited by James Engel and W. Jackson Bate. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1983.
Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx. New York: Routledge, 1994.
- - -. Writing and Difference. Trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge, 1990.
Freud, Sigmund. “The ‘Uncanny’,” On Creativity and the Unconscious: Papers on the Psychology of Art, Literature, Love, Religion. New York: Harper Torch, Pp.122-61.
Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Trans. Leon S. Roudiez. New York: Columbia UP, 1982.
Lyotard, Jean-Francois. “The Sublime and the Avant-Garde,” The Inhuman. Trans. Geoffrey Bennington and Rachel Bowlby. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1991. PP. 89-107.
- - -. The Postmodern Condition. Trans. Geoffrey Bennington and Brian Massumi. Minneapolis: Minnesota UP, 1993.
Morgan, Ted. Literary Outlaw: The Life and Times of William S. Burroughs. Berkeley: California UP, 1997.
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Birth of Tragedy and The Genealogy of Morals. Trans. Francis Golffing. New York: Doubleday Anchor, 1956.
- - -. Twilight of the Idols and The Anti-Christ. Trans. R. J. Hollingdale. Penguin, 1968.
Palmeri, Frank, Satire in Narrative. Austin: Texas UP, 1990.
Poe, Edgar Allan. “The Man of the Crowd,” Selected Writings of Edgar Allan Poe: Poems, Tales, Essays and Reviews. Edited by David Galloway. Middlesex: Penguin, 1967. Pp. 179-88.
Ronell, Avital. Crack Wars: Literature Addiction Mania. Lincoln: Nebraska UP, 1992.
Stevens, Wallace, “The Idea of Order at Key West,” Wallace Stevens’ Collected Poetry and Prose. Edited by Frank Kermode and Joan Richardson. New York: The Library of America, 1997. Pp. 105-6.
Simmel, George. “The Metropolis and Mental Life,” Simmel on Culture. Edited by D. Frisby and M. Featherstone. London: Sage. Pp. 174-185.
Swift, Jonathan. “Modest Proposal for Preventing the children of Ireland from Being a Burden of Their Parents or Country.” Swift: Satires and Personal Writings. Edited by William Alfred Eddy. London: Oxford UP, 1973. Pp. 19-31.
Wolin, Richard. Walter Benjamin: An Aesthetic of Redemption. Berkeley: California UP, 1994.
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