新進來的學生需要導航系統帶領他們探索新的環境與建築。隨著行動科技日益進步，一個利用行動運算建置的導航系統(如手機或是平板電腦)，就可以輕鬆的幫助新學生進行所需要的定位。近代以來，由於Cyber-Physical System (CPS)讓我們可以將網路環境和現實環境進行連結，因此變得相當受歡迎。而目前的研究皆關注於使用Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) [KAN15]、PDR with Google Map [CZO15]和PDR with Augmented reality (AR) [LOW15]的導航系統。但這些研究在監控大樓內多個使用者的位置時，皆沒有將現實和網路環境進行連結。
此論文提出了一種基於Marker-Based Cyber-Physical 的AR導航系統。同時，此論文另外開發了一個Android應用程式名為Engfi Gate system，用來評估前述系統的優劣。論文中的AR系統由Marker-Based Cyber-Physical Interaction、室內定位和AR子系統組成。當「Marker-Based Cyber-Physical Interaction」和室內定位及AR子系統做組合時，它給予了導航系統全新的體驗。另外，在Engfi Gate system中，提供了兩個AR操作模式给新學生做選擇。
為了評估 Engfi Gate system，我们將該系統與其他現有的研究系統進行比較，我們比較了測量室内定位的精準度和評估兩種AR操作模式的。結果證明了此論文中的系统不僅展現了其為一個良好的系統，同時也有包含許多的功能和良好的操作模式。除此之外，這種建構系統在未來的發展上，可以用於其他的空間應用程式中做使用。

Freshmen need a guidance system to explore their new building environment. With the advancements of mobile technologies, a guidance system using mobile computing devices such as mobile phones or tablets could aid freshmen in locating the desired destination with ease. Recently, the Cyber-Physical System (CPS) becomes popular because it enables us to connect our physical environment with the cyber environment. Current research designed guidance system by using Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) [KAN15], PDR with Google Map [CZO15], and PDR with Augmented reality (AR) [LOW15]. The research did not connect the physical and the cyber environments to monitor multiple user locations in the building.
This research proposes the design of a Marker-Based Cyber-Physical AR guidance system. An Android application, named Engfi Gate system developed to realize the design. This system consists of the Marker-Based Cyber-Physical Interaction, Indoor Positioning and, AR subsystems. Marker-Based Cyber-Physical Interaction gives a new experience in the guidance system when it combines with the Indoor Positioning and AR subsystems. Engfi Gate system has two AR operation modes as options.
To evaluate the Engfi Gate system, we compare it with other related systems, measure indoor positioning accuracy, and evaluate the two types AR operation modes. The comparison results show that the Engfi Gate system has not only good performances but also more features and operational preferences. Furthermore, the design architecture of Engfi Gate system can be used in other location-based applications.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER 2 RELATED WORK 4
2.1 Pedestrian Guidance for Public Transport Users in Indoor Stations Using Smartphones 4
2.2 Interactive Virtual Indoor Navigation System using Visual Recognition and Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Techniques 5
2.3 SmartPDR: Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning for Indoor Localization 7
CHAPTER 3 PROPOSED SYSTEM 9
3.1 Hardware and software requirements 9
3.1.1 Hardware Requirements 9
3.1.2 Software Requirements 11
3.2 System Architecture 13
3.3 Application Screen Flow 14
3.4 Features List 16
3.4.1 Guidance System 16
3.4.2 Room Map Information 16
3.4.3 Indoor Navigations 16
3.4.4 Cyber Physical Enabled 16
3.5 Operation Modes 17
3.5.1 Phone Display 17
3.5.2 Head Mounted Display 17
CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION 18
4.1 Marker-Based Cyber-Physical Interaction 18
4.1.1 Pi Beacon with Sensor Devices as Invisible Marker 18
4.1.2 Cyber and Physical System Communication 20
4.2 Indoor Positioning 21
4.2.1 QR Code Indoor Positioning 21
4.2.2 Bluetooth Beacon Weight-Compensated Weighted Centroid Localization Based 22
4.3 Augmented Reality System 25
4.1.1 Augmented Reality Implementation 25
4.1.2 Path Suggestion and Time Travel Calculation 28
4.4 System Comparison 29
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 31
5.1 Conclusion 31
5.2 Future Work 32
REFERENCES 33

REFERENCES
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