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作者(中文):王文芬
作者(外文):Wang,Wen-fen
論文名稱(中文):注意焦點對立定跳遠動作技能表現之影響
論文名稱(外文):The influence of different focus attention toward the performance of standing long jump
指導教授(中文):邱文信
指導教授(外文):Chiu, Wen-hsin
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立新竹教育大學
系所名稱:體育學系體育碩士學位在職進修專班
學號:10287014
出版年(民國):104
畢業學年度:103
語文別:中文
論文頁數:66
中文關鍵詞:內在注意焦點指導外在注意焦點指導約束行為假說
外文關鍵詞:internal focus instructionsexternal focus instructionsconstraint behavior hypothesis
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中文摘要
本研究主要目的是藉由內外在注意焦點指導,探討立定跳遠技能表現與協調參數之差異情形。實驗參與者為60名國小六年級學童,分內在焦點、外在焦點及外四焦點組各20名。實驗儀器以高速攝影機(CASIO EX-F1,300Hz)拍攝,再以Kwon3D軟體擷取運動學參數,採用獨立樣本單因子變異數分析(One Way ANOVA)進行統計考驗,顯著水準訂為α=.05。研究結果如下:一、在成績表現方面:外在焦點與外四焦點成績進步幅度均顯著高於內在焦點、外在焦點距離遠近,則未達顯著差異。二、在動作協調機制方面:蹬伸期動作時間外四焦點顯著高於內在焦點、下肢關節最大角速度時間,外在焦點及外四焦點皆呈現近端先於遠端的趨勢,使能量充分的產生與完整的運用、蹬伸期關節角速度,外在焦點肩關節及髖關節均達顯著差異。結論:由此可知,單一的指導訣竅不同,便可影響立定跳遠動作技能之協調及表現,因此教練及體育教師在進行動作技能教學時,要能引導學習者採取外在注意焦點,讓動作技能表現達到最佳的成效。


The influence of different focus attention toward the performance of standing long jump
Completion Month and Year: June 2015
Graduate Student: Wang,Wen-fen
Advisor: Chiu, Wen-hsin

Abstract
With internal and external focus attention instructions, this study aims to explore the differences in parameters between the skill and coordination of the standing long jump. The subjects of the experiment were 60 sixth grade elementary school students, who were divided into three groups, the Internal Focus group, the External Focus group, and the External-4 Focus group, with 20 students in each group. The high-speed camera (CASIO EX-F1, 300Hz) was used in the experiment, and Kwon3D software was used to obtain kinematic parameters. One-way ANOVA for independent samples was performed for statistical test, with significance level of α=.05. The research results are as follows: (1) In terms of score: the progress of External Focus and External-4 Focus scores are significantly higher than that of Internal Focus; the distance of External Focus does not lead to significant difference. (2) In terms of motor coordination mechanism, External-4 Focus significantly exceeds Internal Focus in the duration of stretching. Both External Focus and External-4 Focus show the near-end prior to long-distance trend in the maximum angular velocity and time, which can fully generate and consume energy. There is a significant difference in the shoulder joint and the hip joint of External Focus regarding the angular velocity of joints during the period of stretching. To conclude, different singular guidance can influence the coordination and performance of the motor skill of the standing long jump; hence, coaches and P.E. teachers should instruct students to use external focus attention to give full play to motor skills.
Keywords: internal focus attention instruction, external focus attention instruction, constraint behavior hypothesis
目 次
口試委員與系主任簽字之論文通過簽名表 I
論文授權書 II
中文摘要 III
英文摘要 IV
謝誌 V
目次 VI
表次 VII
圖次 VIII
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 問題背景 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究假設 6
第四節 研究範圍與限制 6
第五節 名詞操作型定義 7
第貳章 文獻探討 10
第一節 動作技能學習理論 11
第二節 注意力理論範疇 14
第三節 注意焦點相關文獻探討 18
第四節 立定跳遠運動學相關文獻探討 25
第五節 本章總結 27
第參章 研究方法與步驟 28
第一節 研究架構 28
第二節 實驗參與者 29
第三節 實驗時間與地點 30
第四節 實驗儀器設備 31
第五節 實驗場地佈置 32
第六節 實驗步驟與流程 34
第七節 資料處理與分析方法 37

第肆章 結果與討論 38
第一節 注意焦點間動作技能表現差異情形 38
第二節 注意焦點間協調機制差異情形 42
第伍章 結論與建議 50
第一節 結論 50
第二節 建議 51
參考文獻 52
附錄 56
附錄一 實驗參與者家長同意書 56
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