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“得",pronounced as (de) ,is usual sentence pattern that commonly used in modern Chinese. In elementary-level Chinese language teaching classes, we found students often incorrectly use ”de” and “的”in the same sentence when they fail to understand the accurate meaning and usage of “de”. As for research on “de”, most scholars either use a linguistic approach or study it as second language teaching, and thus there is minimal research on the syntax of “de” in elementary-level Chinese language teaching. As a result, this paper analyzes the parts of speech, meanings, and language functions of de, from a grammatical prospective, so elementary school instructors may master language teaching in a systematic setting, and students may be more clearly know about how to use syntax analysis and learning.
Regarding the classification and meaning of “de”, we first analyzed and discussed the sensitive items on “ de” in different literatures, and then assigned “de” into 4 categories: verb, adverb, possible complement, and structural particle. Each category is broken down into more detailed items according to sentence structures.
This research is based on the Academia Sinica Balanced Corpus of Modern Chinese, re-analyzing and organizing characteristics on the syntax of “de”. We have also investigated the arrangements on sentences with “de” in Nani textbook volumes 1-12 with the actual ”de” usages of grades 1-6 students at the Chudong Elementary School, and analyzed the misusage situations of school children.
Finally, this research is determined for its basis according to the complexity and frequency of occurrence of teaching arrangements. We hope that by researching on the syntax of “de”, combined with teaching, we could adjust and conclude effective teaching arrangements, as well as provide recommendations on the arrangement and instruction of “de” in teaching materials.
Keywords: ”de", language function, meaning, misusage, teaching recommendation, pedagogical grammar
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