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作者(中文):賓孟晨
論文名稱(中文):環狀運動對老年人下肢功能性體適能與步態穩定性之影響
指導教授(中文):謝錦城
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立新竹教育大學
系所名稱:體育學系碩士班
學號:10324902
出版年(民國):105
畢業學年度:105
語文別:中文
論文頁數:52
中文關鍵詞:坐椅起立坐起繞物走路速度步頻左右腳支撐時間跌倒
外文關鍵詞:30-s chair-stand test2.44M up-and-gowalking speedcadencegait cycle durationfall
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本研究旨在探討環狀運動介入對老年人下肢功能性體適能與步態穩定性之影響。本研究以36位社區老年人為研究對象,實驗組18位(71.56±4.94歲),控制組18位(73.78±5.62歲)。實驗組介入為期12週,每週3次,每次50分鐘的環狀運動;控制組在實驗期間維持日常作息。並於實驗前、後進行下肢功能性體適能(包含30秒坐椅起立、2.44公尺坐起繞物)與步態穩定性(包含走路速度、步頻、左右腳步幅、左右腳支撐時間)之量測,藉以評估環狀運動對老年人下肢功能性體適能與步態穩定性之影響。實驗所得之數據以相依樣本t檢定和單因子共變數分析進行統計分析,顯著水準訂為α=.05。結果顯示:
一、12週環狀運動介入後,實驗組的下肢功能性體適能方面:30秒坐椅起立、2.44公尺坐起繞物皆達顯著地(p<.05)優於控制組。
二、12週環狀運動介入後,實驗組的步態穩定性方面:除了左右腳步幅未達顯著差異之外,在走路速度、步頻、左右腳支撐時間皆達顯著地(p<.05)優於控制組。
本研究結論:老年人經過12週環狀運動介入後,對下肢功能性體適能與步態穩定性參數中的走路速度、步頻、左右腳支撐時間上具有提升之效益,有助於減少跌倒的風險,以及提高生活品質與獨立生活能力。
The study aimed to investigate the effects of circuit exercise on lower extremity functional fitness and gait stability in the elderly. The subjects of the study were 36 elderly, and 18 of them were in the experimental group (71.56±4.94 years), and the other 18 subjects were in the control group (74.11±5.37 years). The experimental group received circuit exercise 50 minutes each time, 3 times a week for 12 weeks, while the control group led a normal life. Lower extremity functional fitness (including 30-s chair-stand test, 2.44M up-and-go) and gait stability (including walking speed, cadence, step length, gait cycle duration) measurement was conducted before and after the experiment to evaluate the influence of circuit exercise on lower extremity functional fitness and gait stability of the elderly. Data obtained from the experiment were analyzed with Paired-Samples t Test and one-way ANCOVA, and the level of significance was α=.05. The results of the study showed that:
Ⅰ. After the 12 weeks circuit exercise, the lower extremity functional fitness in the experimental group, 30-s chair-stand test and 2.44M up-and go were significantly improved than those in the control group.
Ⅱ. After the 12 weeks circuit exercise, the gait stability in the experimental group, walking speed, cadence and gait cycle duration were significantly improved than those in the control group, while there were no significant difference in step length between the two groups.
The conclusion of the study is that the 12 weeks circuit exercise had promote the lower extremity functional fitness and gait stability (walking speed, cadence, gait cycle duration) of elderly, and it could reduce the risk of falls, as well as improve quality of life and ability to live independently in the elderly.
目錄
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………… I
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
目錄………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅳ
表目錄.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅵ
圖目錄.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅶ
第壹章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機……………………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究問題…………………………………………………………………………………… 3
第三節 研究目的…………………………………………………………………………………… 4
第四節 研究假設…………………………………………………………………………………… 4
第五節 名詞操作型定義……………………………………………………………………… 4
第六節 研究範圍與限制……………………………………………………………………… 5
第貳章 文獻探討
第一節 老化與跌倒……………………………………………………………………………… 7
第二節 功能性體適能介紹與相關研究………………………………………… 8
第三節 步態之相關研究……………………………………………………………………… 11
第四節 環狀運動介紹與相關研究…………………………………………………… 12
第五節 文獻總結…………………………………………………………………………………… 14
第參章 研究方法
第一節 研究對象…………………………………………………………………………………… 15
第二節 研究工具與方法.…………………………………………………………………… 15
第三節 研究流程…………………………………………………………………………………… 23
第四節 運動介入模式…………………………………………………………………………… 23
第五節 資料處理…………………………………………………………………………………… 25
第肆章 結果與討論
第一節 受試者基本資料分析…………………………………………………………… 26
第二節 環狀運動對老年人下肢功能性體適能之差異情形…… 27
第三節 環狀運動對老年人步態穩定性之差異情形…………………… 29
第四節 討論.…………………………………………………………………………………………… 34
第伍章 結論與建議
第一節 結論……………………………………………………………………………………………… 41
第二節 建議……………………………………………………………………………………………… 41
參考文獻
中文文獻………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 43
英文文獻………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46
表目錄
表4-1-1 受試者基本資料統計表………………………………………………………… 26
表4-2-1 實驗組與控制組功能性體適能前後檢測數值……………… 28
表4-3-1 實驗組與控制組步態參數前後檢測數值………………………… 31
表4-4-1 下肢肌力文獻整理…………………………………………………………………… 35
表4-4-2 動態平衡文獻整理…………………………………………………………………… 37
表4-4-3 步態穩定性文獻整理……………………………………………………………… 39
圖目錄
圖3-2-1 蹬腿機………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
圖3-2-2 伸腿/屈腿機……………………………………………………………………………… 16
圖3-2-3 側彎機………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
圖3-2-4 腿部開合機………………………………………………………………………………… 17
圖3-2-5 蝴蝶機………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
圖3-2-6 屈腹挺背機………………………………………………………………………………… 17
圖3-2-7 下壓/上提機……………………………………………………………………………… 18
圖3-2-8 胸推/划船機……………………………………………………………………………… 18
圖3-2-9 肩舉/下拉機……………………………………………………………………………… 18
圖3-2-10 肱二頭/肱三頭機………………………………………………………………… 19
圖3-2-11 登階踏板…………………………………………………………………………………… 19
圖3-2-12 將傳感器放在腰部位置……………………………………………………… 20
圖3-2-13 L1Sens傳感器……………………………………………………………………… 20
圖3-2-14 Free4Act 步態分析系統………………………………………………… 20
圖3-2-15 30秒坐椅起立測量1…………………………………………………………… 21
圖3-2-16 30秒坐椅起立測量2…………………………………………………………… 21
圖3-2-17 2.44公尺坐起繞物測量1…………………………………………………… 22
圖3-2-18 2.44公尺坐起繞物測量2…………………………………………………… 22
圖3-3-1 研究流程圖………………………………………………………………………………… 23
圖3-3-2 環狀運動擺放模式…………………………………………………………………… 24
圖4-2-1 環狀運動介入後30秒坐椅起立變化情形……………………… 28
圖4-2-2 環狀運動介入後2.44公尺坐起繞物變化情形……………… 29
圖4-3-1 環狀運動介入後走路速度變化情形………………………………… 31
圖4-3-2 環狀運動介入後步頻變化情形…………………………………………… 32
圖4-3-3 環狀運動介入後左腳步幅變化情形………………………………… 32
圖4-3-4 環狀運動介入後右腳步幅變化情形………………………………… 33
圖4-3-5 環狀運動介入後左腳支撐時間變化情形………………………… 33
圖4-3-6 環狀運動介入後右腳支撐時間變化情形………………………… 34
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