本論文之研究係在探討週期性結構的耦合機制來達成光參量振盪器的進展。在非線性增益晶體介質上例如鈮酸理晶體製作光柵結構，吾人使用1064奈米的紅外光源做為雷射光源透過光參量產生器的機制產生信號波和閒置波，其中以閒置光做為振盪的波。吾人在週期性極化反轉鈮酸鋰晶體上使用光學級光柵結構切割技術來展示光參量振盪，光柵的週期受到切割機的限制為數十個微米，以較長波長的波做為振盪的波是因為其對於光柵更容易有繞射和散射的現象產生。 吾人展示在耦合微型共振腔中達成光參量振盪，在光行走的路徑上共振腔中的反射鏡不再是必須的，取而帶之的是波導光柵耦合器，在週期性極化反轉鈮酸鋰晶體上利用光學及切割技術來做光柵耦合器，這個系統下所產生的光在近紅外光到中紅外光具有高效率頻率轉換、頻寬窄化和低泵浦光閥值。

此外，在理論模擬下吾人在分佈式反回饋光參量振盪器的耦合波理論來討論縱向模態的選擇和增益閥值的參數，吾人在加入在平扁波導上的週期性結構和高斯光數的橫向電場來修改耦合係數，計算增益閥值確認泵浦光的強度是否可以達到共振條件，產生頻寬窄化、高效率的頻率轉換的雷射。

In this thesis, we have demonstrated an optical parametric oscillation with 230-GHz signal linewidth of periodic structure along the pumping direction. In order to fabricate a grating structure onto the nonlinear gain medium such as lithium niobate, we used a dicing machine to cut an optical-grade grating with 60μm and 100μm periods. Here, we call such a device the coupled-microcavity optical parametric oscillation which creates a type of oscillation without reflection mirrors. Meanwhile, the produced waves are known as signal and idler waves. The longer wavelength wave usually diffracts faster and is more likely to be scattered from the grating. Therefore, we designed the idler wave as the operation wavelength for resonance. By using a quasi-phase-matching technique such as periodically poled lithium niobate, we can generate the signal and idler wavelength at 1.6μm and 3.7μm with 1064-μm pumping.

Furthermore, in the theoretical simulation, we have combined the coupled-wave theory with distributed feedback optical parametric oscillation theory to discuss the longitudinal mode selectivity and threshold condition. Moreover, to calculate the parametric gain, we modified the coupling coefficient while considering the periodic structure on a flat waveguide and a Gaussian transverse field.

Abstract 1
摘要 2
Table of Contents 3
List of Figures 5
Chapter 1 Introduction 7
1-1 Introduction 7
1-2 Lithium Niobate 9
1-3 Thesis overview 16
Chapter 2 Theory 17
2-1 Optical parametric process 17
2-1-1 Optical parametric generation 20
2-1-2 Optical parametric oscillation 22
2-2 Quasi phase matching 24
2-3 Coupled-microcavity optical parametric oscillator 27
2-3-1 Introduction 27
2-3-2 Principle of coupled-microcavity optical parametric oscillator 30
2-3-2 Application 35
Chapter 3 Material Fabrication 36
3-1 PPLN fabrication 36
3-1-1 Introduction 36
3-1-2 Photolithography 40
3-1-3 Poling 46
3-2 Optical-grade cut grating 50
3-2-1 Introduction 50
3-2-2 Fabrication from optical-grade cutting 51
Chapter 4 Experimental results and discussions 54
4-1 Experimental setup 54
4-2 Experimental results and discussions 56
Chapter 5 Summary 65
5-1 Summary 65
Chapter 6 Reference 66
Reference 66

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