產品服務系統是一個結合有形產品、無形服務及支援公共網絡的新興產業概念，而這概念在近十年也在各個領域逐漸被廣泛研究與討論。產品服務系統能夠滿足多樣化的顧客需求、降低產業對環境的衝擊、同時提升產品服務的商業價值，進而重新勾勒企業的核心競爭力。由於以上的效益，產界與學界皆投入許多心力在產品服務系統的發展，其中包含了產品服務系統設計方法論、產品與服務設計技術結合、產品服務系統實務應用等等。然而僅有些許的文獻在探討產品服務系統的分類樣型這樣一個至關重要的相關研究領域。而這些前人研究大部分僅止於主觀、質性的案例探討分析，更重要的是，這些案例已與現在五花八門的新興產業有很大的不同，過往的討論與發現已經無法應用於現今的產品服務系統環境。因此，本研究目標為透過約略集合理論的應用來延伸Tukker的三大產品服務系統分類，並且建構一個完整量化的產品服務系統分類架構。透過這個架構，可以從現有的產品服務系統案例歸納出不同的分類和不同分類的推導原則。本研究也透過分析企業核心競爭力和目前的產品服務系統型態，提出一個產品服務系統轉換流程，協助企業在從舊有商業模式進行產品服務系統轉型時，了解其適合的產品服務系統類別及應該著重的關鍵屬性。有別於Tukker的研究，本研究也歸納出一個新的分類樣型：平台導向產品服務系統，來銜接過往研究與現今產品服務系統環境的鴻溝。

Product service system (PSS) modeling, a concept integrating products, services, and supporting infrastructure networks, is an increasingly popular analytic tool because of its applicability in numerous fields. Industry and academia have devoted effort toward its development in such ways as inventing new design methodology, integrating various product and service design techniques, and implementing it across different businesses. However, few studies have focused on PSS typology, notably a crucial area for development. These studies have been largely subjective and qualitative, and have not considered the evolution of technology or changes in customer preferences. Thus the aim of this study is to extend the PSS typology research by applying rough set theory to create a quantitative PSS classification framework. Using this framework, a set of classification rules is derived using contemporary PSS business models. This study also proposes a PSS transformation process that considers a firm’s core competencies and existing PSS type. In a case study involving an automotive company, the proposed process enables the enterprise to achieve better direction while transforming its current business model into a new PSS. Finally, a new PSS type—platform-oriented PSS—is presented, bridging a gap in the core knowledge of current PSS typology.

中文摘要 III
Abstract IV
Table of Contents V
List of Figures VII
List of Tables VIII
1 Introduction 9
2 Related works on PSS typology 11
2.1 Typology focus on customer/providers relationship 11
2.2 Typology focus on product use and ownership 12
2.3 Typology focus on advanced technology and industrial practices 14
2.4 Summary 16
3 Methodology 20
3.1 RST basic concept 20
3.2 PSS classification framework 24
3.2.1 Initialization 25
3.2.2 RST implementation 26
3.2.3 Validation 27
3.3 PSS transformation process 27
4 PSS classification 29
4.1 RST results and validation 31
4.2 Product-oriented PSS 36
4.3 Use-oriented PSS 36
4.4 Result-oriented PSS 36
4.5 Platform-oriented PSS 37
5 PSS Transformation 38
5.1 From car selling to car rental and leasing 38
5.2 Practice of the transformation process 39
5.2.1 Step 1: Current PSS type classification 39
5.2.2 Step 2: Core competence identification 40
5.2.3 Step 3: Future type recommendation 42
5.3 Discussion 46
6 Conclusion 48
7 References 50
Appendix 53

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