長期穩定而有效的國家經濟有賴基礎工業的發展與支持，為了使作業流程順暢、維持工作品質與增進員工得工作滿意度，工業安全需到得到重視，而所有產業中鋼鐵業是風險最高的產業之一，其安全層級仍有提升空間。本研究主要目的為探討安全氣候與工安意外之相關性，驗證安全氣候是否能應用於鋼鐵產業並作為工安意外事故的指標。安全氣候問卷主要探索組織層級安全氣候、團體層級安全氣候、安全動機與安全行為，安全氣候部分使用雙向翻譯法翻譯已發展的英文安全氣候問卷，探討組織內部跨層級安全氣候對於工業安全的影響。數據分析使用相關係數分析問卷分數與工安意外的相關性，內部一致性(ICC)則用於量測組織內部對於安全知覺的一致程度，另外，本研究也探索工安意外的肇因路徑，使用結構方程模型驗證因子間的因果路徑關係。本研究結果可提升安全氣候問卷的實際應用價值，提供前瞻性工安意外分析的方法並提升製造業工業安全。

The basic manufacturing industry is one of the key elements that support the long-term and effective economic development of a country. The steel industry is one of the most risky industries; a special attention should be given to ensure the workers’ safety. The purpose of the current study investigated the relationship between safety climate and occupational accident in a steel industry in Taiwan. The questionnaire applied in this study included four factors: organizational-level safety climate, group-level safety climate, safety motivation and safety behavior. The questionnaire of two levels of safety climate was applied to investigate the cross-level influence within the company. Correlation coefficient was calculated to find the relationships between the questionnaire score and occupational accident rate. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the shared perception within the group. The correlation analysis was also performed between intraclass correlation coefficient and occupational accident rate. In addition, this study used structural equation modeling to investigate the causal pathway of occupational accident. The results of this study can provide a new aspect to investigate occupational safety.

目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 6
1.3 研究範圍與限制 7
1.4 研究流程 8
第二章 文獻回顧 10
2.1 安全氣候 10
2.1.1 安全氣候的定義 12
2.1.2 安全氣候之衡量構面 13
2.1.3 跨層級安全氣候研究 15
2.1.4 安全氣候之內部一致性研究 16
2.1.5 時間區段相關性研究 16
2.2 安全氣候、安全動機與安全行為 17
第三章 研究方法 21
3.1 研究架構 21
3.2 研究假說 22
3.3 研究準備階段與資料蒐集 22
3.3.1問卷發展 22
3.3.2 問卷信度分析 29
3.3.3 正式問卷發放 29
3.4 資料分析方法 30
第四章 實證分析與結果 32
4.1 受試者背景資料分析 32
4.2 描述性統計分析 35
4.3 相關性分析 44
4.4 內部一致性分析 45
4.5 結構方程模型 46
4.6 時間區段相關性研究 48
4.7 研究假設驗證 49
第五章 結論與建議 51
5.1 研究結論 51
5.2 研究建議 51
5.3 後續研究方向 53
中文參考文獻 54
英文參考文獻 55
附錄 一 原文安全氣候問卷(英文第一版) 60
附錄 二 安全氣候問卷(中文第一版) 62
附錄 三 試測訪談紀錄 64
附錄 四 安全氣候問卷(英文第二版) 65
附錄 五 安全氣候問卷對照修正表 67
附錄 六 安全氣候問卷(中文第二版) 69

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