隨著全球科技文明的發展越來越快速，能源的需求逐漸增多，在產能系統與儲能系統快速發展時對環境的破壞也漸趨嚴重，如何在能源需求與環境保護這兩方面同時兼顧將是未來能源相關技術發展重點。
在新興能源技術發展的過程中，在電動車這方面受到相當大的重視，但是目前的電動車電池的能量效率不足以及價格太高，需要發展出一種更能適用於電動車上的儲能技術，而鋅空氣電池在這方面是相當具有潛力的。
根據許多與空氣電池有關的文獻，研究人員都致力於改善充放電的電性，能量與功率密度以及循環壽命，其中針對金屬電極的部分不外乎改變電極形貌、電極材料種類、添加合金元素、表面改質等，而針對鹼性水溶液電解質的部分，有許多文獻也探討添加劑對於電極腐蝕的影響，能有效增加電池的性能，但是卻鮮少找到同時針對電極以及電解質添加劑做討論的文獻，因此本實驗即同時針對這兩方面來做討論。
本實驗採用模板法製備金屬電極，先以PU聚氨酯多孔泡棉材料做為模板，再依序以鈀膜活化、無電鍍鎳、電鍍鎳等方法製備出有穩定結構的三維電極，獨具新穎性。接下來再經由電鍍錫表面改質以及預電鍍鋅來改善電極在鋅空氣電池中的充放電性能。在電解液的部份，本實驗以量測CV曲線以及Tafel極化曲線的方法，並先用錫片電極來做添加劑的腐蝕量測，並根據實驗結果選出Tween 20以及EDTA兩種添加劑用全電池測試來比較其差異。除了全電池充放電量測之外，本實驗也會針對電極製備過程時的每個步驟做材料分析，包括用SEM顯微術觀察表面形貌以及鍍層厚度，EDS分析觀察表面元素種類與比例，以及XRD繞射分析表面金屬結晶性、晶體結構與元素種類，同時討論電極的基本材料性質以及電化學充放電特性。

With the rapidly increasing development of global technological civilization, energy demand is increasing, too. Due to energy production system and energy storage system developing rapidly; the damage to the environment has become more and more critical. How to take account the two aspects of energy demand and environmental protection will be the focus of future energy-related technology.
In the process of developing new energy technologies, the field of electric vehicles is paid the considerable attention to. Because of the insufficiency of the battery’s efficiency on the electric vehicles and the highly price on the batteries, it is needed to develop a more suitable technology for the electric vehicle energy storage. And Zinc-air battery is quite potential in this area.
According to many related literatures about air battery, the researchers are devoted to improve electrical properties of charging and discharging, energy and power density and cycle life. As to the part of the metal electrode, the researchers changed the morphology of the electrode , the materials of the electrode, adding alloying elements, and the surface modification, etc. In view of the part of alkaline aqueous electrolyte, many literatures investigated the influence of additives for electrode corrosion, and improved the performance of batteries effectively. It is rare to find the literatures which mentioned both about electrode and an electrolyte additive. As a result, it will discuss for both in this study.
In this study, the metal electrode with template method was produced. First of all, PU polyurethane porous foam was used as the template. And then it employed the method of activation in Palladium membrane, non-electroplated and electroplated methods of Nickel sequentially. Next, a three-dimensional electrode with stable structure was produced, and this was a unique novelty. And then the charging and discharging properties of the electrode in Zinc-air batteries was improved by plating Tin on surface modification and doing Zinc pre-deposition in this study. Concerning the electrolyte, it used Tin sheet as electrode firstly and was measured by CV curves and Tafel polarization curves to investigate the influence of additives for electrode corrosion. And according to the result of the experiment, EDTA and Tween 20 was selected as the additives for battery testing. In addition to battery testing, the material analysis was made for each step in the electrode making process, including SEM analysis for surface topography and coating thickness, EDS analysis for category and ratio of element, and XRD analysis for metal crystalline, crystal structure and element types in this study. It also discussed both the nature of the materials for the electrode, and the characteristics of electrochemical charging and discharging .

目錄
第一章、鋅空氣電池緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 電化學電池的發展與演進 2
1.3 二次電池介紹 3
1.3.1 鉛酸電池 4
1.3.2 鈉硫電池 6
1.3.3 鈉離子電池 7
1.3.4 全釩液流電池 7
1.3.5 金屬空氣電池 8
1.4 鋅空氣電池的組成與電化學運作原理 10
1.4.1 電池配置與運作原理 10
1.4.2 鋅電極 12
1.4.3 電解液 14
1.4.4 空氣電極 15
1.5 鋅空氣電池近代發展狀況與前景 17
1.6 研究動機與目的 18
第二章、文獻回顧 20
2.1 三維電極 20
2.2 電鍍法與表面改質 31
2.3 電解質添加劑 33
第三章、實驗步驟與方法 39
3.1 實驗藥品與儀器 39
3.1.1 實驗藥品 39
3.1.2 實驗儀器 39
3.2 三維電極之製作 40
3.2.1 電極製作流程 40
3.2.2 活化基材-鈀膜製備 43
3.3 電池反應器(全電池)的組裝與結構 44
3.4 電化學測試 46
3.4.1 線性掃瞄伏安法(linear sweep voltammetry) 46
3.4.2 循環伏安法(Cyclic voltammetry) 47
3.4.3 充放電循環(Charge cycle) 47
3.4.4 Tafel曲線(極化曲線) 48
3.5 材料分析 49
3.5.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning electron microscope) 49
3.5.2 X-光繞射分析(X-ray diffraction) 51
3.5.3 電極孔隙率(Porosity)與表面積(Surface Area) 51
第四章、結果與討論 53
4.1 實驗架構 53
4.2 三維電極製作 55
4.3 Ni/Sn合金電極 59
4.3.1 定電流法 59
4.3.2 定電位法 63
4.4 預電鍍鋅 71
4.5 添加劑測試 75
4.6 全電池性能測試 78
4.7 一次放電測試 86
第五章、結論與未來展望 87
參考資料 88

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