在此研究中，以實驗方式研究超音波對熱傳現象的影響。實驗於水池中進行，研究條件設定於自然對流及次冷沸騰的狀態。在實驗中使用水平圓柱型加熱器，及兩個不同尺寸的水缸。第一組實驗在較小的超音波清洗器中進行，有三個超音波發射器貼於容器底部，其頻率為40kHz，而總功率為150W，在此小水缸中，進行小尺度的實驗，其實驗時的加熱器距超音波發射器的距離在一個超音波波長以內，實驗的熱通率範圍為7.7×〖10〗^3-7.1×〖10〗^4 W/m2。第二組實驗在另一較大的水缸中進行，其超音波發射器則是置於水缸底部之上，並使用兩種不同頻率的超音波發射器，分別為28kHz和40kHz，其用以進行加熱器高度在一個超音波波長以上的實驗。在實驗時的水溫設定上，為了模擬核電廠的用過燃料池，將水溫設定在40℃及50℃。熱通率範圍則為1.7×〖10〗^4-1.7×〖10〗^5 W/m2，使用較高的熱通率範圍，用於研究高熱通率的實驗條件。
在第一組的實驗中，得到最高的熱傳係數提升為1557W⁄m^2 ，而熱傳係數改善率則可達3(即為改善300%)。在第二組實驗中最高熱傳係數提升則為1867W⁄m^2 ，而熱傳係數改善率也可達3。
此論文提供了實驗上的證據，證明超音波對熱傳的改善有助益，更進一步認識超音波在池狀態下對熱傳表現的影響。並根據實驗數據結果提出經驗公式，使其可用於未來的反應器爐心和燃料貯存的安全設計之中。

In this study, experimental tests are carried out to investigate the heat transfer performance under pool natural convection and subcooled boiling conditions, and ultrasonic vibration is introduced to evaluate the possible enhancement performance. The heat flux of the heater set at 7.7×〖10〗^3-1.7×〖10〗^5 W/m2.Ultrasonic vibration operated with a frequency of 28 and 40 kHz and a power of 90-150W. The water temperature were set at 30, 40, and 50℃. Through this study, the height effect, water temperature effect, ultrasonic frequency effect, and ultrasonic effect were studied for the heat transfer enhancement under ultrasonic vibration. An experimental database of pool-subcooled heat transfer from single phase natural convection to sub-cooled nucleate boiling is established, and the heat transfer enhancement performance is identified and determined under with and without ultrasonic vibration conditions. In the present test conditions, the heat transfer enhancement ratio can be up to 3 (or enhancement of 300%). This study can provide clear experimental evidences and better understanding about the influences of ultrasonic waves on heat transfer performance in pool conditions, and the empirical correlation can be useful for future safety design of reactor core and fuel storage.

摘要 ii
Abstract iii
致謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xiv
符號說明 xv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 超音波簡介 2
1.2.1 超音波基本性質 2
1.2.2 超音波加熱現象(Heating) 3
1.2.3 音波空化現象(Acoustic cavitation) 3
1.2.4 聲流(acoustic streaming) 5
1.2.5 超音波應用 5
1.3 池狀態沸騰熱傳 9
1.3.1 基本沸騰模式 9
1.3.2 成核理論 10
1.4 研究目的與方法 12
第二章 文獻回顧 13
2.1 超音波對沸騰熱傳的影響 13
2.2 超音波在水池中的效應 23
2.3 池狀態熱傳 30
第三章 實驗系統與實驗步驟 34
3.1 實驗設備 34
3.2 溫度量測 39
3.3 計算方法 41
3.4 實驗程序 42
3.5 實驗範圍 43
第四章 結果與討論 45
4.1 準確度驗證 45
4.2 高度效應 55
4.3 溫度效應 66
4.4 頻率效應 71
4.5 超音波功率影響 77
4.6 分析與模式發展 81
第五章 結論 87
第六章 建議 89
參考文獻 90

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