去氧核糖核酸（DNA）由於其獨特的雙股螺旋結構而在光電元件及應用中有着十分重要的地位。DNA可以控制對光敏感的分子在空間中的分佈，這一特性使得DNA成爲很好的螢光震盪能量轉移的主體材料。本研究的第一部分着重於在DNA生物高分子薄膜中實現波長跨度較長的能量轉移，主要分析了不同染料、不同染料濃度以及不同主體材料對實驗的影響。本研究的第二部分着重於用多個染料摻雜的DNA生物高分子薄膜來實現螢光太陽能聚合器的功能，通過薄膜對入射光譜進行能量轉移，以此來提升太陽能電池的工作效率。

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has a unique double helix structure that may be of great importance in optoelectronic devices and applications. The feature of spatially organizing light sensitive molecules makes DNA a promising template for efficient F¨orster resonance energy transfer (FRET). In the first part of this study, long range and cascaded energy transfer in DNA biopolymer films was studied and characterized, where the effects of different dyes, dye concentrations and different hosts were examined. In the second part of the study, multiple dyes-doped DNA biopolymer films were studied in the application of luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) for wavelength conversion to enhance efficiency of solar cells. RET mediated DNA biopolymer films based on various parameters were
investigated and the characteristics of LSC were discussed.

Abstract i
Contents ii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction of the study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 F¨orster resonance energy transfer (FRET): introduction and applications . 1
1.2.1 Introduction of FRET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.2 Applications of FRET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 DNA biopolymer as host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.4.1 Introduction of DNA biopolymer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.4.2 Applications of DNA biopolymer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.5 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 Experimental Details 15
2.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2 Preparation of DNA biopolymer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3 Preparation of dye doped DNA biopolymer thin films . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.4 Calculation of FRET efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.5 Dyes in FRET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.6 Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.1 Measurements for optical properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.2 Measurements for solar spectra and short circuit current density JSC 21
2.7 The calculation of theoretical short circuit current density JSC of Si-PV . . 22
3 Results and Discussions 25
3.1 Characteristics of DNA biopolymer and dyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Analysis of two-dye-FRET system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.1 Emission properties of two-dye-FRET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.2 Comparison of different donors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2.3 Effects of different total dye concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.4 Effects of different hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.2.5 Properties of LSC based on two-dye-FRET system . . . . . . . . . 42
3.3 Analysis of three-dye-FRET system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.3.1 Emission properties of three-dye-FRET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3.2 Comparison of different first donors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.3.3 Properties of LSC based on three-dye-FRET system . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4 Characteristics and efficiency of FRET mediated LSC . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.4.1 Comparison of theoretical and experimental JSC . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.4.2 FRET efficiency with LSC efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.4.3 Excitation/Absorption (Ex/Ab) method of FRET efficiency calculation 59
3.4.4 Improved performance of the Si-PV cell with LSC . . . . . . . . . . 61
4 Conclusions 62
Bibliography 65

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