在本篇論文中，我們考慮在無線網絡環境下，兩位使用者欲交換訊息，但受限於彼此距離過遠，兩者必須利用隨機散布在環境中的節點進行多重跳躍傳輸。我們針對此多重跳躍無線網絡的情境提出一套雙向傳輸架構，在此架構之下，我們能將雙向多重跳躍傳輸看成是多組彼此獨立之雙向二次跳躍放大轉送中繼系統（Two-Way Two-Hop AF Relay Systems）。根據上述之特性，考慮欲滿足系統所要求的符碼錯誤率（SEP）品質，我們便能透過已知的雙向二次跳躍放大轉送中繼系統符碼錯誤率分析結合地理資訊(Geographic Information)，求出在雙向路由中單一節點進行一次跳躍時所允許的最遠距離。基於這個結果，我們提出一套以貪婪路由演算法 （Greedy Routing Algorithm） 為基礎的路由機制來實現我們所提出的雙向傳輸架構。此路由機制共分成兩個部分：首先，兩個當前正要進行路由的節點會在各自的可選擇範圍中找出各自的下一個路由節點，此過程會一直持續，直到有節點同時落在兩個當前路由節點的覆蓋範圍中，此時路由機制會選出中繼點將兩個當前路由的節點連接起來，如此便成功建立傳輸路徑。在建立傳輸路徑後，我們可以透過中繼點重選的機制，進一步優化先前建立的傳輸路徑。模擬結果顯示，我們所提出的路由機制與相關研究中所提出的機制相比，有著較高的機率能成功建立傳輸路徑，且無須進行次數頻繁的節點搜尋；而從傳輸路徑的跳躍次數以及整體系統的有效吞吐量來看，其表現也是不遑多讓。

Abstract i
Contents ii
List of Figures iii
List of Tables iv
I. Introduction 1
II. Network Description 3
III. Motivations 4
A. A Related Work in [16] 4
B. Motivations 6
IV. Proposed Improved Cooperative Transmission Structure and Its Signal Model 7
V. Proposed Cooperative Two-Way Routing Protocol 9
A. Maximum One-Hop Distance for Two-Way Relaying 9
B. Proposed Cooperative Two-Way Routing Protocol 11
C. Next Hopping Node and Relay Selections and Their Contention Timer Settings 13
D. Relay Reselection 14
VI. Simulation Results 15
VII. Conclusions 19
References 19

[1] J. N. Laneman, N. C. Tse, and G. W. Wornell, “Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 3062–3080, Dec. 2004.
[2] J. N. Laneman, and G. W. Wornell, “Distributed space-time coded protocols for exploiting cooperative diversity in wireless networks,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 2415–2425, Oct. 2003.
[3] A. K. Sadek, W. Su, and K. J. R. Liu, “Cooperative communication protocols in wireless networks: performance analysis and optimum power allocation,” Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 181–217, Jan. 2008.
[4] B. Rankov and A. Wittneben, “Spectral efficient protocols for half-duplex fading relay channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun, vol. 25, no. 2, pp.379–389, Feb. 2007.
[5] I. Stojmenovic, “Position-based routing in ad hoc network,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 128–134, Jul. 2002.
[6] J. A. Sanchez, P. M. Ruiz, and R. Marin-Perez, “Beacon-less geographic routing made practical: Challenges, design guidelines, and protocols,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 47, no. 8, pp. 85–91, Aug. 2009.
[7] D. Goeckel, B. Liu, D. Towsley, L. Wang, and C. Westphal, “Asymptotic connectivity properties of cooperative wireless ad hoc networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 1226–1237, Sept. 2009.
[8] F. Li, K. Wu, and A. Lippman, “Energy-efficient cooperative routing in multihop wireless ad hoc networks,” in Proc. 2006 IEEE Int. Performance, Computing, Commun. Conf. (IPCCC 2006), Phoenix, AZ, Apr. 2006, pp. 215–222.
[9] T. Aguilar, S.-J. Syue, V. Gauthier, H. Afifi, and C.-L. Wang, “CoopGeo: a beaconless geographic cross-layer protocol for cooperative wireless ad hoc networks,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 2554–2565, Aug. 2010.
[10] C.-L. Wang, S.-J. Syue, and T.-T. Chen, “On the relaying area of contention-based geographic relay selection for cooperative wireless networks,” in Proc. 2011 IEEE Wireless Commun. Networking Conf. (WCNC 2011), Cancun, Quintana-Roo, Mexico, Mar. 2011, pp. 293–297.
[11] S.-J. Syue, C.-L. Wang, T. Aguilar, V. Gauthier, and H. Afifi, “Cooperative geographic routing with radio coverage extension for SER-constrained wireless relay networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 271–279, Feb. 2012.
[12] S. J. Kim, N. Devroye, and V. Tarokh, “A class of bi-directional multi-relay protocols,” in Proc. 2009 IEEE Int. Symp. Inf. Theory (ISIT 2009), Seoul, Korea, June 28–July 3, 2009, pp. 349–353.
[13] R. Ramamonjison, J. Lee,K. Sakaguchi, and K. Araki, “Routing and power allocation in MIMO two-way multihop networks: a new cross-layer approach to mitigate interference,” in Proc. 2010 IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (GLOBECOM 2010), Miami, FL, Dec. 2010.
[14] G. Wang, W. Xiang, J. Yuan, and T. Hung, “Outage analysis of non-regenerative analog network coding for two-way multihop networks,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 662–664, June 2011.
[15] P.-H. Yu, “A cooperative multihop transmission scheme for two-way decode-and-forward relaying networks,” M.S. thesis, Inst. Commun. Eng., National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan, July 2013.
[16] C.-L. Wang, T.-N. Cho, and P.-H. Yu, “A cooperative routing protocol based on geographic information for two-way amplify-and-forward relay networks,” accepted for presentation at 2014 IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (GLOBECOM 2014), Austin, TX, Dec. 2014.
[17] W.-H. Liu, “Symbol-error-rate based relay selection for two-way decode-and-forward relay networks,” M.S. thesis, Inst. Commun. Eng., National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan, July 2012.
[18] C.-L. Wang, T.-N. Cho, and K.-J. Yang, ‘‘On power allocation and relay selection for a two-way amplify-and-forward relaying system,’’ IEEE Trans. Commun, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3146-3155, Aug. 2013.