有機太陽能電池具有容易製程、低成本、可撓性及可大面積化等優點，若要普及化和工業化，大面積化為有機太陽能電池勢必要突破的關鍵。其中刮刀製程適用於大面積製程也可以搭配roll-to-roll製程達到快速生產，但是一次性下料的刮刀製程，塗佈到後面會因為料的不足，而造成膜厚的降低或者沒有成膜，如果我們做到在刮塗的同時能夠補充料，即可以使刮刀塗佈達到大面積化。
本論文使用超音波霧化輔助刮刀塗佈，使塗佈的同時可以持續的使用超音波霧化補料，一開始我們使用鐵氟龍材料設計超音波霧化容器，在容器外接一個穩定的氮氣源，使噴霧後的霧化顆粒隨著氮氣從下料出口噴霧出去，接下來測試常用有機溶液的霧化情形，並且用水稀釋PEDOT:PSS改善其噴霧情形。接著用Google SketchUp設計軟體設計並且整合超音波霧化器與刮刀塗佈機，使刮刀塗佈的過程中可以同時以超音波霧化氣體來補料。我們也藉由改變清洗基板與刮刀的方式，達到塗佈出漂亮的PEDOT與PEDOT:水=1:1膜。最後使用整合後的機台成膜並且量測其膜厚，從量測後的膜厚分析，我們確實以超音波噴霧改善了PEDOT膜厚的均勻度，而從最後設計的實驗，我們也證實了因為噴霧改善膜的均勻度是有道理的。
關鍵字:刮刀塗佈、大面積、超音波霧化、有機太陽能電池

Organic solar cells have some advantages like easy process , low cost, flexibility and large area process. For organic solar cells to popularize and commercialize, it is the key for large scale. And blade coating process is applying to large area process and roll-to-roll process which achieves rapid production. But for one time delivery blade coating, it has a problem for the solution is not enough. If we can deliver the solution during blade coating, the blade coating process can achieve large area process.
In this paper, we use the ultrasonic atomization to assist blade coating process, it deliveries the solution during the blade coating by ultrasonic atomizer. First, we use the teflon material to design the ultrasonic atomizing container, and the container adds a stable source of nitrogen, so that spraying atomized particles by nitrogen. Next, we test the atomizing condition by using our design. By diluting PEDOT:PSS with water improves the atomization condition. Then we use Google SketchUp to design and integrate ultrasonic nebulizer and blade coating process. By changing the cleaning method, we obtained the good morphology for the films of PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS:DI water(1:1).At the end, we verified that ultrasonic assisted blade coating process improves the film uniformity.

Keywords: blade coating, large area, ultrasonic atomization, organic solar cells

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XI
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.1 前言 1
1.1.2 太陽能電池之發展 1
1.1.3 有機太陽能電池的發展 2
1.2 研究動機 3
1.2.1 共軛高分子太陽能電池之優點 3
1.2.2 大面積製程與刮刀塗佈的限制 4
1.3 文獻回顧 5
1.3.1 刮刀製程製作有機光電元件 5
1.3.2 手持噴霧與自動超音波噴霧沉積電洞傳輸層並應用於薄膜電致發光元件 6
1.3.3 使用微調通道霧化噴塗製作高效率有機與無機太陽能電池[7] 7
1.4 論文架構 10
第二章 實驗原理 11
2.1 太陽能電池簡介 11
2.1.1太陽能電池基本理論 11
2.1.2 太陽能電池理想等效電路 12
2.1.3 非理想太陽能電池等效電路 13
2.1.5 太陽能電池基本操作 18
2.2 有機太陽能電池材料 21
2.3 超音波霧化原理 24
2.3.2空洞理論 26
2.3.3 液體的特性與霧化情形 28
第三章 實驗方法與流程 29
3.1 超音波霧化輔助刮刀製作流程 29
3.2 ITO玻璃基板清洗 29
3.3 超音波霧化有機溶液 31
3.4 超音波霧化輔助刮刀塗佈 32
3.5 量測膜厚 34
3.6 3D設計繪圖軟體 35
第四章 實驗結果與討論 37
4.1 超音波霧化的容器設計與操作 38
4.2 超音波霧化有機溶液 43
4.2.1 有機溶液之霧化情形 43
4.2.2 有機溶液之霧化量大小 48
4.3整合超音波霧化與刮刀製程以及製程操作 50
4.4超音波霧化輔助刮刀成膜 62
4.4.1 純PEDOT與PEDOT:水=1:1成膜 62
4.4.2 超音波霧化輔助刮刀成膜 71
4.4.3 驗證超音波霧化輔助刮刀成膜其效用 80
第五章 總結與未來展望 88
參考文獻 90

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