本研究致力於設計出一橢圓形之介電式液態透鏡，未來將可以應用於老花眼鏡上，由於市面上的老花眼鏡皆為定焦鏡片，老視者在使用上若要頻繁地切換視力來注視遠近不同距離的物體，則必須要擁有兩副以上的眼鏡交替使用，才可看清物體，因此本論文將利用介電式液態透鏡之可變焦距的功能，改善現有老花眼鏡使用上的不方便以及不舒服。預期設計出屈光度變化量為2 D。可以利用電壓的控制，針對使用者欲看清之物體距離不同做適當地調變。由於大部分的變焦眼鏡中，可明視的範圍皆為圓形，原因是液滴在正圓形的情況下表面曲率為球曲面，因此可以運用於光學透鏡上。然而，對於人眼視野範圍而言，其範圍並非圓形，而是類似橢圓形，人眼在觀看左右之角度為200度，在觀看上下之角度為120度，顯然，視野範圍並非圓形，因此本研究即將發展橢圓形液態透鏡，此技術若發展成功，未來將可考慮其他形狀的液態透鏡。橢圓形液珠所產生的問題是其表面曲率不一致，在光學中即會產生嚴重的像散像差，因此為了解決橢圓形液珠造成的像散問題，吾人設計出特殊的結構，使液滴能在此結構當中可以維持橢圓形之形狀，同時其表面又能呈現球曲面，在光學當中可有一般球透鏡之特性，將來可應用於老花眼鏡。

This study has been devoted to an elliptical dielectric liquid lens for Presbyopia glasses, which are the tunable focus glasses. For presbyopia in the use of the vision come to frequently switch attention near and far objects at different distances, it has to have more than two pairs of glasses used interchangeably to see the objects. So this study will develop the variable focus glasses by using dielectric liquid lens, improving the use of existing reading glasses are not convenient and uncomfortable. The expected target of delta diopter of liquid lens is 2 D. User can modify the input voltage to control the diopter of the presbyopia glasses to gaze the objects at different distance. Since most tunable focus liquid lens are rounded because the surface tension of liquid would make surface tend to smallest area is spherical surface which is suitable as an optical lens. However, the field of view(FOV) of human eyes is not rounded region but ellipse-like region. Horizontal FOV is about 200˚ and vertical FOV is about 120˚. If droplet is not circle shape, the surface profile is not sphere, which result in astigmatism in optics. In this study, droplet can be maintained in the structure render elliptical shape and spherical surface curvature immediately. In the future the elliptical tunable focal lens can applied on glasses.

致謝 I
摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.1 老視(Presbyopia) 2
1.1.2 老花眼的矯正 4
1.1.3 老花眼鏡 4
1.1.4 變焦老花眼鏡 8
1.2 研究動機與目標 9
1.2.1 變焦眼鏡屈光度設計範圍 9
1.2.2 橢圓形液態透鏡尺寸設計 10
1.3 文獻回顧 12
1.3.1 改變折射率之變焦透鏡 13
1.3.2 改變曲率之變焦透鏡 17
1.3.3 變焦透鏡技術比較 24
1.4 論文架構 25
第二章 基本理論 26
2.1 液滴的成形 26
2.1.1 Young-Laplace equation 27
2.1.2接觸角(contact angle) 28
2.2 溶液中的液滴 29
2.2.1 毛細管長度(Capillary length) 29
2.2.2 邦德數(Bond number) 31
2.3 液態透鏡之光學特性 31
2.4 液態透鏡焦距調變原理 32
2.4.1 電極設計 33
第三章 橢圓形液態透鏡設計概念 35
3.1 SURFACE EVOLVER軟體介紹 35
3.2 液珠模擬 35
3.2.1 橢圓液珠於平面基板之模擬 36
3.2.2 液珠於斜角結構之模擬與分析 37
3.2.3 漸變式傾角結構設計 41
3.3 封裝殼設計 46
第四章 實驗規劃 49
4.1 橢圓形液態透鏡製作 49
4.1.1 漸變式傾角結構製作與量測 49
4.1.2 電極製作 52
4.1.3 液體調配與封裝 53
4.1.4 驅動測試系統 58
4.2 光學驗證與檢測 59
4.2.1 視野範圍檢測 60
4.2.2 散光檢測 61
4.2.3 聚焦光束表面(focused beam profile)檢測 63
4.2.4 透鏡畸變檢測 65
第五章 實驗結果與討論 66
5.1 液珠驅動測試 66
5.2 驅動前光學驗證 67
5.2.1 視野範圍檢測 68
5.2.2 散光檢測 69
5.2.3 聚焦光束表面(focused beam profile)檢測 70
5.2.4 透鏡畸變檢測 71
5.3 驅動後之光學驗證 73
5.3.1 視野範圍檢測 75
5.3.2 散光度量測 76
5.3.3 聚焦光束表面檢測 78
5.3.4 透鏡畸變檢測 79
第六章 結論 81
第七章 未來工作 84
參考文獻 85

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