本論文針對已有的質子治療探測器硬體架構，研製一套以Linux為平台的探測器資料擷取軟體，並採用同步FIFO USB介面模式開發，此質子治療探測器的硬體架構分為探測器和擷取板，探測器用於收集電流訊號，擷取板負責訊號的傳遞及處理。本系統的研製包含以多線程的方式進行資料擷取和偵錯、資料存檔、即時顯示等功能，介面上含有高壓模組的設定、擷取頻率的設定以及即時監控等功能。開發本系統皆使用免付費的開發軟體，若未來商品化無需負擔額外軟體授權的費用。
本系統實際測試包括高壓的控制及回授、取樣頻率的選擇等，並即時產生圖形顯示功能以監視擷取資料是否有誤，且將資料存成二進制形式檔案，增快寫入的速度，以供後續的數據分析。為了驗證本系統的可行性，設計二個實驗驗證之，實驗一，是利用直流電源供應器(Power Supply)提供不同的電壓給1對64的連接板的方式，對1M歐姆電阻板提供單一通道不同大小的電流，實驗二，則是透過Current Source Meter提供單一通道不同的輸入電流，兩個實驗皆設定取樣頻率在500Hz、1kHz、2kHz、4kHz、6.67kHz、10kHz下，紀錄擷取輸出端的ADC值，並轉換成電壓值，由此推算出等校電阻是否接近1M歐姆，且誤差在合理範圍內，並且檢驗存檔和即時顯示的功能，證明本系統在無資料損失的情況下是可實際運行的。

Proton radiation therapy is currently the world's most advanced radiation oncology technology. It is definitely helpful for the medical industry to design a reliable and stable proton beam monitoring system.
Data acquisition board used in this paper is designed by Academia Sinica, including a Labview acquisition system based on Windows operating system. This thesis attempts to develop another set of acquisition system based on Linux operating system. We will use Linux Scientific operating system as our working environment and open source software, such as ROOT, C++, etc., as our development tool kit. We hope the cost of such software can be reduced in the future.
The previous version of the Linux-based data acquisition system used asynchronous FIFO USB interface model. Moreover, its algorithm runs the works from data acquisition, storage, debugging to real-time display sequentially. As a result, in certain cases, the system cannot catch up with the sampling frequency. In this thesis, we develop a Linux-based data acquisition system using synchronous FIFO USB interface model and implement a multi-threaded program to execute tasks in parallel to improve the performance and data acquisition rate.
Finally, we try to test the system in the experiments, and the system can carry out with 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz, 4000Hz, 6667Hz, and 10000Hz sampling frequency without data losses.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 質子治療探測器系統 5
2.1 游離腔 (Ionization Chamber) 6
2.2 一維探測器 (Strip Detector) 7
2.3 OPA電阻板 8
2.4 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) 9
2.5 通用序列匯流排 10
2.5.1 非同步FIFO介面模式傳輸 10
2.5.2 同步FIFO介面模式傳輸 12
2.6 資料格式 14
2.7 高壓回授 17
第三章 軟體架構 19
3.1 系統硬體設備 19
3.2 軟體開發工具 20
3.2.1 Linux Scientific 6.3 20
3.2.2 FTDI Driver 20
3.2.3 GCC、G++ 21
3.2.4 Make 21
3.2.5 ROOT 22
3.3 系統基本架構 23
3.4 多線程 24
3.5 系統功能介紹 26
3.5.1 High Voltage 26
3.5.2 Pedestal、Data Acquisition 28
3.5.3 Graph 28
3.5.4 Check Event loss 28
3.5.5 Save 29
3.5.6 通道配對 29
3.5.7 OPA電阻板參數校正 29
3.6 程式流程 32
3.6.1 開啟硬體並開啟相關功能及設定參數與關閉硬體功能 32
3.6.2 高壓設定、回傳值驗證 32
3.6.3 取樣頻率設定及資料擷取功能 33
3.6.4 即時圖形顯示 35
3.6.5 存檔、資料偵錯 36
3.7 圖形介面呈現 37
3.7.1 高壓設定 37
3.7.2 Pedestal設定 38
3.7.3 DAQ設定 39
3.7.4 讀檔圖形顯示設定 41
第四章 實驗結果與討論 41
4.1 實驗一-輸入電壓源 42
4.1.1 實驗器材 42
4.1.2 實驗環境 42
4.1.3 實驗結果 44
4.2 實驗二-輸入電流源 50
4.2.1 實驗器材 50
4.2.2 實驗環境 50
4.2.3 實驗結果 52
第五章 結論與未來展望 58
5.1 結論 58
5.2 未來展望 59
參考文獻 60
附錄 63

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