最佳化通常用以解決大多數工程問題，包括生產，運輸和配送方面，在全球供應鏈中，產品配送需要考量成本與時間。然而，溫度敏感易腐產品（TSPP）需在運輸過程中，需將溫度也納入衡量因子中，故將此產品之運輸過程中之供應鏈定義為冷鏈。隨著客戶需求的多樣化及激烈的競爭，冷鏈需具備彈性應變之能力，使得長途運輸中伴隨著成本效益低或高損壞率的情況能夠加以改善，因此，本研究提出一個整合全球供應鏈（GSC）的生產、溫度敏感易腐產品（TSPP）運輸及庫存層面之數學模型，此數學模型的目標為最小化成本，此外也希望透過使用MINLP模型增加配銷彈性，解決冷凍產品對於多供應商及多買家之個案研究。

Optimization is widely applicable solution for most engineering problems including production, transportation, and distribution. Furthermore, in a global supply chain, products transferred needs to be optimized in either cost efficient or required time-window manner. Temperature sensitive and perishable products (TSPP) is one type of commodities that need special consideration during shipment, defined as cold freight distribution. As customer demand become more varied and competition become fiercer, freight transportation needs to be more flexible thus still managed to be efficient. This flexibility is contradictive to the optimal cost solution, which made most of shipments is either not cost effective or dealing with high damage rate due to long shipment. This research proposed a mathematical model to integrate production, transportation, and inventory aspects for TSPP in global supply chain (GSC). The mathematical model is aim to minimize all costs functions and increase flexibility. This research is an application of MINLP model to solve a study case of frozen products in multiple vendor and multiple buyer problem.

Chapter 1 Introduction 11
1.1 Background 11
1.2 Objectives 14
1.3 Methodology and Procedures 15
Chapter 2 Literature Review 17
2.1 Review of Supply Chain Researches 17
2.2 Allocation Problem in Supply Chain 22
2.3 Transshipment and Distribution Network 23
2.4 Inventory Control 25
Chapter 3 Cold Chain Optimization Model Formulation 27
3.1 Problem Definition 27
3.2 Mathematical Model 30
Chapter 4 Computational Study 38
4.1 Real Case Scenario 38
4.1.1 Distribution Network 38
4.1.2 Transshipment and its risk 41
4.1.3 Unilever Ice Cream 43
4.2 Input Parameter 45
4.3 Planning Result 49
Chapter 5 Sensitivity Analysis 54
5.1 The Effect of Demand Changes 54
5.2 The Effect of Lead-time Changes 57
5.3 The Effect of Damage Rate Changes 61
5.4 The Effect of Holding Cost Changes 64
5.5 The Effect of Reorder Cost Changes 68
5.6 The Effect of Demand Deviation in Distribution Centers 71
5.7 Analysis Summary 74
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Study 78
References 80

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