本研究將鍺奈米線與銅奈米線搭配後，製備出無機奈米線疊層結構的鍺/銅奈米線織布。此鍺/銅奈米線織布具有可撓性與彈性，且與FEC/DEC電解液搭配製成鋰電池後，展現出優異的電池的充放電循環性能。譬如，於1 C的充放電速率下進行了1000次循環後，可逆電容量仍高達830 mA h/g。另外在快充放電的表現上，鍺/銅奈米線織布可以在承受20 C充放電速率下，仍有350 mA h/g的電容量表現。另外，在1 C的充電速率充電後，可再以高達50 C的超高速放電速率進行穩定放電。經由計算並與相關文獻比較後，我們發現在計算全部電極的總重量（活性物質+導電劑+黏著劑+集流板）下，鍺/銅奈米線織布電極比其他種類的鍺或矽的電極高出了2~7倍的重量電容量。此方法所製備出的鍺/銅奈米線織布電極具潛力可應用於大電流放電的設備，且可有效減輕電池的重量。此外，我們製備出了大面積的鍺/銅奈米線織布(5 cm * 8 cm)，搭配商用化的鎳鈷錳正極製作成軟包式的全電池，可以驅動大量的LED燈，證實了我們所開發出的無機奈米線疊層結構的鍺/銅奈米線織布，除了實驗測試外，也可以做實際的鋰離子電池應用。

Germanium nanowires and copper nanowires were combined to manufacture germanium/copper nanowire fabrics with a layered inorganic nanowires structure. The fabrics are flexible and resilient. The lithium ion half cells made of the germanium/copper nanowire fabric with an electrolyte composed of FEC/DEC have excellent cycle performance and stability. After 500 cycles at a rate of 1C, the cell exhibited a reversible capacity of 830 mAh/g. The germanium/copper nanowire fabrics also exhibited high rate capacity, having a reversible capacity of 350 mAh/g at a rate of 20 C. In addition, it can allow ultrafast discharge at 50 C when charged at 1C. By calculating the total weight of the electrodes (active materials + conductive agents + binder + current collector) and comparing with the relevant literature, we found that the weight capacities of germanium/copper nanowire fabric electrode were 2~7 times higher than other types of germanium or silicon electrode. The germanium/copper nanowire fabric electrodes have potential for some applications which require rapid cycling rates and can significantly reduce battery weight. Furthermore, We prepared a large area Ge/Cu nanowire fabric anode (5 cm *8 cm) to assemble full cells with commercial Li(NiCoMn)O2 cathode. The full cells were able to power a lot of LEDs. This work demonstrated that our development of layered inorganic nanowires structure make progress toward practical Li-ion battery applications.

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VII
第一章、鍺、銅奈米線的合成機制與文獻回顧 1
1.1奈米材料簡介 1
1.2鍺奈米線的合成 3
1.2.1氣相法合成鍺奈米線 3
1.2.2常壓液相法合成鍺奈米線 7
1.2.3超臨界流體製備鍺奈米線 9
1.3銅奈米線的合成 11
第二章、鋰離子電池簡介與文獻回顧 13
2.1鋰離子電池 13
2.1.1簡介與發展 13
2.1.2工作原理 18
2.2鋰離子電池的正極材料 20
2.3鋰離子電池的負極材料 23
2.3.1合金材料 24
2.3.2金屬氧化物 25
2.3.3高電容量負極材料所面臨的挑戰 26
2.4鍺奈米負極材料 28
2.5電解液對奈米負極材料的影響 34
2.6如何提升鋰離子電池的能量密度 36
2.6.1鋰離子電池的能量密度 36
2.6.2去除非活性物質的電極之製作 37
2.7研究動機 41
第三章、實驗 42
3.1實驗材料與藥品 42
3.2實驗方法 43
3.2.1金奈米粒子的合成 43
3.2.2鍺奈米線的合成 44
3.2.3修飾鍺奈米線的表面 45
3.2.4銅奈米線的合成 45
3.2.5鍺/銅奈米線織布的製作 46
3.2.6鈕扣型鋰電池的組裝 47
3.2.7軟包鋰電池的組裝 47
3.3實驗分析 48
第四章、結果與討論 49
4.1材料的鑑定與分析 49
4.1.1鍺奈米線的分析 49
4.1.2表面修飾之鍺奈米線的分析 53
4.1.3銅奈米線的分析 55
4.2鍺/銅奈米線織布與其鋰電池的電化學分析 57
4.2.1鍺/銅奈米線織布的分析 57
4.2.2鍺/銅奈米線織布用於鋰電池陽極的電化學分析 61
4.2.2.1奈米線織布的改良 61
4.2.2.2不同電解液體對鍺/銅奈米線織布電池充放電循環的影響 64
4.2.2.3快速充放電與長期循環的測試 69
4.2.3鍺/銅奈米線織布的優勢與相關文獻之比較 71
4.2.4鍺奈米材料商業化搭載量的測試 76
4.2.4.1鍺奈米線產量的放大 76
4.2.4.2鍺奈米線商業化搭載量與鈕扣型全電池的測試 78
4.2.4.3大面積鍺/銅奈米線織布的製作與其軟包電池的測試 79
4.3結論 83
第五章、參考文獻 84

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