本篇論文主要為研究並開發濕式製程塗佈之主動層和電極，多數採用新穎自動化刮刀塗佈製程進行，並應用於有機光電元件上。
首先，在本篇論文一開始先回顧有機發光二極體(OLEDs)的發展歷史，並簡述有機發光二極體於顯示器和照明之應用，接著介紹其發光和量測之原理。
第三章節，我們將簡略介紹目前各種常見濕式塗佈薄膜方式，並著重於刮刀塗佈製程。調整刮刀速度並挑選適合溶劑，製作刮刀塗佈主動層之元件，以最佳化元件結構，效率達到綠色小分子磷光OLED 53.4 cd/A、54.3 lm/W和外部量子產率(EQE) 15.5 % 之表現，與對應之旋轉塗佈主動層元件表現一致。然後進一步發展多層濕式塗佈之技術，關鍵在於挑選不易溶於下層薄膜之溶劑作塗佈，我們利用溶於乙醇的TPBi作為傳輸層材料，成功製作出效率達29.5 cd/A、13.5 lm/W和EQE 8.4 %之全濕式製程綠光OLED。
第四章節我們研究以鉑金屬為中心的深藍色磷光錯合物分子，由於鉑錯合物易於互相靠近堆疊的特性而引入長碳鏈立體障礙基團，試圖良好的隔開分子以利維持原有光色。在元件製程上，經由每次實驗逐步的改善結構，成功在保持深藍色光之前提下提升元件效率，達CIE座標 (0.17, 0.27)、最大效率10.8 cd/A、7.0 lm/W和EQE 5.7 % 之表現。
第五章是奈米銀線相關電極之開發，試圖取代ITO成為新世代可撓性透明電極。我們利用導電高分子利於塗佈成整面導電電極之優點，加入奈米銀線優異的導電能力製作導電高分子PEDOT:PSS與奈米銀線之複合式電極，兩材料皆有穿透度良好的優點，因此能夠達到穿透度大於90 % 片電阻小於100 Ω/sq 之表現。為了證實此電極之有效性，我們以AFM顯微鏡檢視其表面粗糙度，並將PEDOT:PSS與奈米銀線之複合式電極應用於有機發光二極體、有機太陽能電池和鈣鈦礦太陽能電池上，分別達到最大放光效率50.4 cd/A、55.3 lm/W和EQE 13.5 % 以及能量轉換效率 4.2 % 和6.6 % 之表現。此外，我們也利用電動平移台作自動化的彎曲測試，並將元件製作於軟性塑膠基板PEN上檢視電極之可撓性。
於最後章節，我們將總結本論文研究主旨和未來的發展方向。

Chapter 1 序論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 論文架構 2
Chapter 2 有機發光二極體概論 3
2-1 簡介 3
2-2 發展歷史 5
2-3 發光原理 7
2-3.1 基本工作原理 7
2-3.2 能量轉移機制 9
2-3.3 非輻射能量轉移 11
2-3.3.1 Fӧster能量轉移 11
2-3.3.2 Dexter能量轉移 12
2-3.4 螢光和磷光放光 13
2-4 量測原理 15
2-4.1 放射學與光度學 15
2-4.2 亮度量測 15
2-4.3 效率量測 16
2-4.4 CIE色座標與色溫 20
2-4.5 演色性 21
Chapter 3刮刀製程有機發光二極體 26
3-1 簡介 26
3-2 濕式製程介紹 27
3-2.1 Spin coating 27
3-2.2 Blade coating 28
3-2.3 Slot-dye coating 30
3-2.4 Spray coating 30
3-2.5 Ink-jet printing 31
3-2.5 Dip coating 32
3-3 自動化刮刀製程 33
3-4 相關文獻回顧 34
3-5 刮刀塗佈主動層元件 36
3-5.1 使用氯仿作為溶劑 36
3-5.2 使用甲苯作為溶劑 39
3-5.3 刮刀連續塗佈EML/ETL元件 42
3-6 結論 44
Chapter 4 濕式製程深藍光有機發光二極體 45
4-1 簡介 45
4-2 文獻回顧與材料發展 46
4-2.1 藍色磷光材料發展 46
4-2.2 鉑金屬錯合物材料發展 47
4-3 鉑金屬錯合物藍色磷光材料介紹 49
4-4 元件製作與量測 50
4-4.1 基本性質量測 50
4-4.2 初步結構 53
4-4.3 主體材料選擇 57
4-4.4 立體障礙鍊長短之影響 59
4-4.5 客體摻雜濃度之影響 61
4-4.5.1 改變HLM-082的摻雜濃度 61
4-4.5.2 改變HLM-060的摻雜濃度 65
4-4.5.3 改變HLM-110的摻雜濃度 67
4-4.6 加入電洞阻擋層 69
4-4.7 加入電洞傳輸層 (犧牲層) 72
4-5 結論 77
Chapter 5 導電高分子與奈米銀線之複合式電極 78
5-1 簡介 78
5-2 奈米銀線介紹 79
5-3 文獻回顧 81
5-4 複合式電極製作 84
5-4.1 材料製程選擇與實驗構想 84
5-4.2 混和導電高分子與奈米銀線 84
5-4.3 複合式電極之塗佈 85
5-5 複合式電極基本性質量測 86
5-5.1 複合式電極之導電度 86
5-5.2 複合式電極之彎曲測試 90
5-5.3 複合式電極之穿透度 94
5-5.4 複合式電極之粗糙度 98
5-6 複合式應用於有機光電元件 101
5-6.1 複合式電極應用於有機光電二極體 101
5-6.2 複合式電極應用於有機太陽能電池 106
5-6.3 複合式電極應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 109
5-6.4 複合式電極應用於可撓性元件 112
5-7 結論 113
Chapter 6 未來展望 114
參考文獻 116

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