有機發光二極體(Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED)具有自發光、低功耗、廣視角、輕、薄及可撓曲等特點，可應用在高品質顯示與固態照明。然而，欲使產品更節能與增長壽命，高效率OLED的研發相當關鍵；除了開發新穎材料或改變元件結構，亦可以使用添加物進行元件調質。本研究添加奈米金粒子於OLED元件，有效強化綠光與藍光元件之能量效率與最大亮度。在1,000 cd/m2下，綠光與藍光之能量效率分別提升24.8%(29.0→36.2 lm/W)與35.0% (6.0→8.1 lm/W)；最大亮度則分別提升29.3% (21,500→27,800 cd/m2)與24.3% (7,800→9,700 cd/m2)。此提升現象可歸因於添加奈米金粒子，輔助載子注入，有效增加整體電流密度，進一步增加了激子產生的數量。除此之外，使用奈米粒子有以下好處：(1)添加於非發光層中，可應用於不同光色之磷、螢光元件。(2)可濕式製程，具有低成本、大面積製作之競爭潛力。

Organic light emitting diode (OLED) can be applied to high quality displays and solid-state lightings due to its self-luminous, low-power consumption, wide-viewing angle, lightness, thinness and flexibility. However, to make products more energy-efficient and with longer lifetime, high efficiency OLED research and development are critical. Besides developing new materials or changing device structures, modification can also be achieved by using additive elements. In this study, we incorporated gold nanoparticles into OLEDs, which notably improved the efficacy and the maximum brightness of green and blue devices. For example, the efficacy at 1,000 cd/m2 increases 24.8% (29.0→36.2 lm/W) and 35.0% (6.0→8.1 lm/W) while the max brightness increases 29.3% (21,500→27,800 cd/m2) and 24.3% (7,800→9,700 cd/m2) for green and blue device. These improvements may be attributed to the current density enhancement due to the incorporation of gold nanoparticles that strengthen the carrier injection.
In addition, the use of nanoparticles has following advantages: (1) It is added in non-emissive layer, thus it can be applied to either phosphorescence or fluorescence devices with different colors. (2) Its wet-processable characteristic provides competitive potential for low cost and large area production.

摘要 I
英文摘要 VI
目錄 VII
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
壹、緒論 1
貳、文獻回顧 3
2-1、有機發光二極體的歷史發展 3
2-2、有機發光二極體的發光原理 20
2-3、能量轉移機制 27
2-4、光色定義 31
2-5、元件效率 32
2-6壽命 35
2-7、奈米粒子強化OLED效率之發展 36
2-7-1、奈米粒子性質 36
2-7-2、金屬奈米粒子之添加 37
2-7-3、氧化物奈米粒子之添加 44
參、實驗方法 49
3-1、材料 49
3-1-1、材料之功能、化學式全名、簡稱及來源 50
3-1-2、有機材料之化學結構式 51
3-2、元件設計及製備 52
3-2-1、電路設計 52
3-2-2、基材前處理 52
3-2-3、濕式製備電洞注入層與發光層 53
3-2-4、蒸鍍裝置 54
3-2-5、鍍率測定 55
3-2-6、蒸鍍電子傳輸層與電子注入層 55
3-2-7、電極之製備 56
3-3、元件光電特性量測 57
肆、結果與討論 58
4-1、奈米金粒子之物理性質(長庚電子所劉國辰教授團隊提供) 58
4-2、奈米金粒子對綠光元件之影響 60
4-2-1、元件結構 60
4-2-2、濃度效應 61
4-2-2、粒徑效應 68
4-3、不同光色(紅、綠、藍)元件比較 73
4-3-1、元件能階結構 73
4-3-2、奈米金粒子對元件的影響 74
伍、結論 83
陸、參考文獻 84

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