近年來由於寬頻用戶數大幅的成長及網際網路多媒體的服務需求量的增加，以on-off keying (OOK) 所調變的被動光學系統已無法適用於如此高的傳輸量，新一代被動光學網路除了提供了更高的傳輸量之外，在頻譜的分配上更有彈性、效率，相較於傳統G-PON下傳位元傳輸速率2.5Gb/s，NG-PON的傳輸容量將增加至少40Gb/s而傳輸率增加至1Gb/s以上，更適用於現在如此龐大傳輸量的需求。
在本論文中提出了多頻帶直接偵測正交分頻多工的被動光學網路系統，利用光學OFDM的調變方式增加頻譜效益，配合頻譜適當地配置，在直接接收系統裡只需一次濾波即可解調且可避免subcarrier-signal beat interference (SSBI)的干擾，並擷取出其載波當其上傳之載波，大幅地降低接收端系統的複雜度及成本需求，其傳輸速率達120Gb/s、頻譜效益達2.4b/s/Hz、分光率達1:128的6-band系統，接著做更進一步在不同的頻帶分別用不同的QAM數去調變使其傳輸速率達150Gb/s、頻譜效益達3b/s/Hz，分光率比為1:1024的6-band系統。

With the progress of nowadays broadband multi-services, such as video-on-demand, video/photo sharing and interacting games etc., the Internet traffic is increasing drastically. Most currently deployed optical passive networks (PON) which employing on-off keying modulation reveal a great insufficiency of data rate. To solve this problem, OFDM, a very popular scheme, has been applied.
In this paper, we demonstrate 120Gbps double-sided multiband OFDMA-PON by using direct detection to demodulate signal. To avoid signal-signal beating interference (SSBI) in inherent square-law photo detection, we use a simple optical band pass filter to sift out the desired OFDM band without SSBI contamination at optical network unit (ONU) receiver. Furthermore, we proposed and successfully demonstrated a water-filling configuration which downstream data rate achieves 150Gbps on single optical carrier. In the transmissions of short-reach pon (SR-PON, 25km) and long-reach pon (LR-PON, 100km), the splitting ratios achieve 1:180 and 1:1024.
At the upstream transmitter in ONU, to decrease the cost we adopt carrier-reused scheme to generate upstream carrier. The modulation scheme is using QPSK format with coherent detection. Finally, we demonstrated a double-sided multiband direct detect optical OFDM (DDO-OFDM) PON system based on a bidirectional configuration.

目錄
摘 要 II
Abstract III
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究目的與動機 2
1-3 論文架構 4
第二章 被動光學網路 5
2-1 被動光學網路簡介 5
2-2 無色光源網路 11
2-3 光學檢測方式 13
2-4 多頻帶OFDM系統簡介 17
2-5 多頻帶DDO-OFDM接收原理介紹 19
第三章 120Gb/s多頻帶直接偵OFDMA-PON 20
3-1 實驗原理 20
3-2 實驗架構 23
3-3 實驗流程 31
3-4 實驗結果 37
第四章 150/12.5 Gbps雙向傳輸OFDMA-PON 40
4-1 適應性調變 40
4-2 150/12.5 Gbps雙向傳輸系統架構 42
4-3 實驗流程 46
4-4 實驗結果 48
第五章 結論 52
參考文獻 53

1. http://www.inside.com.tw/2012/12/04/mary-meeker-re-imagination-ofnearly- everything
2. C. H. Yeh, C.W.Chow, and H. Y. Chen, “Simple Colorless WDM-PON With Rayleigh Backscattering Noise Circumvention Employing m-QAM OFDM Downstream and Remodulated OOK Upstream Signals,” J. Lightw. Technol. 30(13), 2151-2155 (2012)
3. Y. W. Chang, and K. M. Feng, “Double-sided Multiband Direct-Detected Optical OFDM System”, Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University
4. R. A. Shafik, S. Rahman, AHM Razibul Islam, "On the extended relationships among EVM, BER and SNR as performance metrics," in proceeding of International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 408-411 (2006)
5. ITU-T Recommendation G.975.1, Appendix I.9 (2004)
6. Chun-Ting Lin, Po-Tsung Shih, Jason (Jyehong) Chen, Wen-Jr Jiang, Sheng-Peng Dai, Peng-Chun Peng, Yen-Lin Ho, and Sien Chi, “Optical Millimeter-Wave Up-Conversion Employing Frequency Quadrupling Without Optical Filtering,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol.57, no.8, pp. 2084-2092, Aug. 2009
7. M. Flanagany , A. D. Fagan ”A Simple Proof of the Water Filling Theorem for
Multichannel Modulation”, ISSC 2003, Limerick. July
8. K.-M. Feng, J.-H. Yan, Y.-W. Chang, and F.-L. Cheng, “A novel double-sided multiband direct-detection optical OFDM system with single laser source,” in proceeding of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, paper CF1F.5 (2012)
9. J. -H. Yan, Y. -W. Chen, K. -H. Shen, and K. -M. Feng, “A 1:128 High Splitting Ratio Long Reach PON Based on a Simple Receiving Design for ONU with 120-Gb/s Double-sided Multiband DDO-OFDM Signal,” in proceeding of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, paper JW2A.74 (2013)
10. A. J. Lowery, "Amplified-spontaneous noise limit of optical OFDM lightwave systems," Opt. Express 16, 860-865 (2008)
11. S. Straullu, F. Forghieri, V. Ferrero, and R. Gaudino, “Optimization of self-coherent reflective PON to achieve a new record 42 dB ODN power budget after 100 km at 1.25 Gbps,” Opt. Express 20(28), 29590-29598 (2012)
12. N. Cvijetic, M. -F. Huang, E. Ip, Y. Shao; Y. -K. Huang; M. Cvijetic, T. Wang, "Coherent 40Gb/s OFDMA-PON for long-reach (100+ km) high-split ratio (>1:64) optical access/metro networks," in proceeding of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, paper OW4B.8 (2012)
13. S. J. Savory, “Digital signal processing options in long haul transmission,” in proceeding of Optical Fiber Communication Conference, paper OTuO3 (2008)
14. E. Giacoumidis, J. L. Wei, X. L. Yang, A. Tsokanos, and J. M. Tang, “Adaptive-Modulation-Enabled WDM Impairment Reduction in Multichannel Optical OFDM Transmission Systems for Next-Generation PONs,” IEEE Photon. J. 2(2), 129-140 (2010)
15. W.-R. Peng, I. Morita, H. Takahashi and H. Tanaka, "Transmission of high-speed (> 100 Gb/s) direct-detection optical OFDM superchannel," J. Lightwave Technol. 30, 2025-2034 (2012)
16. Kai-Ming Feng and Wei-Ren Peng, “Improving Spectral Efficiency and Receiving Sensitivity in a Direct-Detected OFDM System,” Wireless and Optical Communications Conference (WOCC), invited paper, 14-15 May 2010