一詞多義(polysemy)為一組既具相關性亦具區別性的義項(Sweester,1986)，由於多義詞義項缺乏明確的理論架構和判定區別性義項的標準，前人學者對於「走」的義項研究持有不同的看法，從2個、6個、8個，至多到10個義項。本研究以現代漢語動詞「走」為例，確立多義詞的認知理論和具區別性義項的標準，抽取中央研究院平衡語料庫和聯合新聞資料庫的語料，以Evans(2005)原則性多義理論所提出的區別獨立義項的意義準則、概念闡述準則和句法準則，輔以Croft and Cruse(2004)區辨次義項、微義項、義面等標準，分析出現代漢語「走」共十三個具區別性的獨立義項和一個次義項。本文以Lakoff(1987)理想化認知模式(ICM)為主來研究「走」義項之間的關連性，確認「走」的不同的獨立義項語義乃從原型義項經轉喻及隱喻映射延伸而來；另外，針對意象圖式，本文依循Johnson(1987)的路徑與容器意象圖式和Langacker(2002:23)基本類別意象表達，並Lakoff & Johnson(1980)的譬喻凸顯與隱藏概念，分析出「走」13種不同的意象圖式，顯示獨立區別性義項之間的認知現實性存在；最後，本文依照以上「走」的分析結果，建立現代漢語動詞「走」的語義網絡。

Polysemy is a group of related and distinct senses (Sweester, 1986). Since polysemy lacks of coherent theoretical structure and ways to decide distinct senses, previous studies have different point of views about Chinese verb “zou”, from 2, 6, or 8, even up to 10 senses. The main goal of this thesis is to explore the theory of linguistic categorization and ways to decide distinct sense via the analysis of polysemous verb “zou” in modern Chinese, examples of which are drawn from the Academic Sinica Corpus and Udn News Data Corpus. Using Principled Polysemy (Evans, 2005) as a main framework and Sense Boundary as a reference (Croft and Cruse, 2004), 13 distinct senses of “zou” are identified, including one sub-sense. The research follows Ideal Cognitive Model (Lakoff, 1987) to analyze the relatedness within the senses of “zou”, suggesting different distinct senses from the metonymic and metaphorical mappings of the main sense (or sanctioning sense) of “zou”. According to Path Schema and Container Schema (Johnson, 1987), 13 types of image schema are identified which show the existence of cognitive concept within the distinct senses of “zou”. Finally, based on the result of the study, a semantic network of polysemous verb “zou” in modern Chinese is constructed.

誌謝辭.............................................................................................................i
中文摘要........................................................................................................ii
英文摘要.......................................................................................................iii
第一章序論.....................................................................................................1
第一節 研究緣起與動機.....................................................................1
第二節 研究目的.................................................................................1
第三節 研究範圍與構.........................................................................1
第四節 研究問題與語料來源............................................................2
第二章文獻回顧............................................................................................2
第一節「走」的語義分類、句法文獻探討.........................................2
2.1.1 「走」在語義上分為兩類............................................3
2.1.1.1魯川 (1994) ..........................................................3
2.1.1.2王玨珵 (2008) ......................................................6
2.1.2「走」在語義上分為六類...............................................7
2 .1.2.1孟琮、鄭懷德等 (1987) .....................................7
2.1.2.2 劉秀瑩、連金發 (2004) ....................................10
2.1.3「走」在語義上分為八類.............................................13
2.1.3.1呂叔湘(1999) .......................................................13
2.1.3. 2 范慶華、李勁柳 (2001) .................................15
2.1.4「走」在語義上分為十類. ............................................16
2.1.4.1 現代漢語詞典 (2005) ........................................16
2.1.5 小結...................................................................................17
第三章 認知理論架構.................................................................................18
第一節 認知語義觀.............................................................................18
第二節 一詞多義.................................................................................19
第三節 分析一詞多義之理論架構...................................................20
3.3. 1範疇理論..............................................................................20
3.3.2 原型理論.............................................................................22
3.3. 3框架語義理論.....................................................................25
3.3. 4概念整合理論.....................................................................26
3.3. 5小結......................................................................................28
第四節 語義延伸性之認知理.論...............................................................30
3.4.1 理想化認知模式(ICM) .....................................................30
3.4. 2隱喻......................................................................................33
3.4. 3轉喻......................................................................................37
3.4. 4意象圖式..............................................................................39
3.4. 5小結......................................................................................41
第五節 區別義項標準之認知理論...................................................41
3.5.1 Lin and Ahrens (1998) .........................................................42
3.5.2 Croft and Cruse (2004) .........................................................44
3.5. 3 Tyler and Evans (2001, 2004) .............................................50
3.5.4 Evans (2005) .........................................................................53
3.5.5 小結......................................................................................57第四章 現代漢語「走」之義項分析..........................................................58
第一節 研究方法.................................................................................58
第二節「走」之義項分析標準..............................................................59
4.2.1 「走」之獨立義項標準............................................................59
4.2.2 「走」之主要義項標準 ..........................................................61
4.2.3 再談「走」之義項句法準則..................................................62
第三節 「走」之義項分析....................................................................65
4.3.1 「走」之主要義項初探............................................................65
4.3.2 「走」之主要義項再析─句法準則......................................70
4.3.3 「移動」..................................................................................72
4.3.4 「經由; 通行」.......................................................................75
4.3.5 「去; 往」義..............................................................................79
4.3.6 「經歷」..................................................................................82
4.3.7 「呈現某種趨勢」義..................................................................85
4.3.8 「發展」義...................................................................................88
4.3.9 「實行」義...................................................................................91
4.3.10 「往來; 拜訪」義......................................................................94
4.3.11「洩漏」義..................................................................................97
4.3.12 「失去原本狀態」義..............................................................100
4.3.13 「離開」義...............................................................................103
4.3.14 「過世」義...............................................................................106
4.3.15 「採取」義...............................................................................109
4.3.16 小結........................................................................................113
第五章 現代漢語「走」義項之關連性.....................................................116
第一節 「走」義項與ICM................................................................116
5.1 .1 「走」之主要義項─「行走」義之ICM..............................116
5.1. 2 「走」主要義項ICM V.S. 獨立義項ICM........................118
第二節 轉喻.....................................................................................118
5.2.1 「行走」義.............................................................................119
5.2.2 「移動」義.............................................................................121
5.2.3 「經由; 通行」義.................................................................122
5.2.4 「去; 往」義..........................................................................123
5.2.5 「離開」義.............................................................................124
5.2.6 小結....................................................................................124
第三節 隱喻.....................................................................................126
5.3.1 「人生是旅行」隱喻─走4、走8、走12.............................127
5.3.2 「事件是旅行」隱喻─走5、走6、走7、走13.....................133
5.3.3 「容器」隱喻─走9、走10...................................................138
5.3.4 小結....................................................................................147
第四節 意象圖式...............................................................................147
5.4.1 Johnson (1987): 路徑、容器意象圖式...............................149
5.4.2 Langacker(2002): 過程(process)意象圖式........................152
5.4.3 「走」獨立義項之意象圖式................................................152
5.4.4 「走」的語義網絡...............................................................168
5.4.5 小結.......................................................................................170
第六章 結論與展望...................................................................................171
第一節 論文總結.................................................................................171
6.1.1 現代漢語動詞「走」義項之區別性.......................................171
6.1.2現代漢語動詞「走」義項之關聯性.........................................173
第二節 研究限制與望.....................................................................174
參考書目............................................................................................176
附錄......................................................................................................182

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