本論文探討菲裔美籍作家黑格苳的小說《夢叢林》中對菲律賓後殖民情境的再現，以及其再現與女性經驗敘述的交疊。黑格苳以祖國菲律賓為書寫題材，結合史料與個人經驗於小說中，呈現一九七0年代馬可仕政權底下美麗而複雜的菲國社會。筆者參閱許多關於當時社會環境與歷史背景的研究資料，主張《夢叢林》再現了後殖民時期的菲律賓所面臨的諸多問題，包含殖民的影響、國族主義議程的矛盾之處以及新殖民式的經濟發展等。小說呈現這些問題連繫著全球化歷史發展下菲國的被殖民經驗，並且與國內腐敗的精英政治情勢息息相關。值得注意的是，黑格苳同時將女性經驗納入小說的國族敘事，呈現一個性別壓迫的潛在敘事結構，藉此突顯上述所提及的國家問題，並且更進一步地提出對菲律賓國家能超越國族主義追求的展望。《夢叢林》揭示了現代菲律賓國家能與其被殖民經驗共存，甚至利用於自身發展的可能性。

This thesis explores the representation of the Philippine post-colonial conditions and its intersection of narrating female experiences in Dream Jungle, the novel published by Filipina American writer, Jessica Hagedorn. Choosing her motherland as writing subject, Hagedorn intermingles historical materials with personal stories in the novel to present the beauty and complexity of the Philippine society in the 1970s during Marcos regime. Referring to many studies about Filipino milieu and historical background in the real world, I argue that Dream Jungle represents various problems in the post-colonial Philippines, ranging from colonial impacts, contradictions of nationalistic agenda to neocolonial status of economic development. These problems are shown to be tied up with the country’s colonized experiences in the historical development of globalization and with the political situation corrupted by native elites. In the meanwhile, it is remarkable that Hagedorn incorporates female experiences into her national narrative, showing a subtext of gender oppression in the novel in order to underline these problems and to further bring out a vision of the Philippine nation that transcends the nationalistic appeals. I suggest that Hagedorn unfolds in Dream Jungle a possibility for the Philippine nation to be compatible with its colonized experiences and to further utilize them for its development in modern era.

Introduction ... 1
I. A Profile of the Author and Literature Review ... 4
II. A Preview of the Chapters ... 10
Chapter One: The Globalized / Globalizing Archipelago ... 13
I. Phase One: The Consequence of Social Stratification and Internal Colonization ... 14
II. Phase Two: Americanization and Neocolonial Exploitation ... 23
Chapter Two: Political Landscape and Nationalistic Conundrum ... 31
I. The Political Framework of Elite Domination and Cronyism ... 32
II. Elite, Nationalistic Agenda and Erotic Economy ... 40
Chapter Three: Against Gender Oppression and the Politics of Female Empowerment ... 50
Conclusion ... 70
Works Cited ... 72

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