綠光是製備多波段白光的主要光色，也是典型RGB全彩技術的關鍵組成光色，再由於人眼對綠光的亮度感受度最高，使得綠光成為組成高效率白光的最關鍵成份，因此，創新研發高效率綠光元件便為重要；而對有機發光二極體(Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED)元件而言，濕式製作具有低的製作成本、能大面積滾印(roll-to-roll)的可能性種種好處；因此，本論文特別探討如何利用一個可濕式製作的綠光發光層，以製作高效率綠光元件。本論文利用一新穎銥錯合物綠磷光染料bis[5-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5)aphthyridin-6-one]iridium (pyrazinecarboxylate)，經由適當的主體材料搭配後所製備之元件，在亮度為1,000 cd m-2時，能量效率為60.8 lm W-1，外部量子效率及電流效率則分別為23.8 %和95.6 cd A-1，該能量效率為濕式製作OLED的世界紀錄。此元件之高效率可歸因於：一、利用無電子注入能障之主體材料，促使身為少數載子的電子，可以更有效注入，並與電洞達到更佳的注入平衡，二、良好的主客體能階搭配，在低電壓下時，讓激子於客體上產生及放光，而在高電壓下，載子可以有效在主體上結合，形成激子並傳遞能量給客體放光。

Green light is both the major component for the fabrication of multi-band composing white light and the key color of the typical RGB full-color technology. Moreover, it is also the most critical composition for the highly efficient white light since luminous sensitivity of human eyes is the highest with green light. Therefore, innovatively developing a high-efficiency green device is quite crucial. For the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), on the other hand, solution process is a promising technology to realize roll-to-roll production and to achieve low-cost probability. We hence study in this thesis the fabrication of a highly efficient green OLED device with a solution-processable emissive layer. We demonstrate a high-efficiency green OLED with a solution-processed emissive layer composing a novel green light emitting iridium complex, bis[5-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5) aphthyridin-6-one]iridium (pyrazinecarboxylate). By coupling with a proper host, the green device shows at 1,000 cd m-2 an external quantum efficiency of 23.8%, current efficiency of 95.6 cd A-1, and efficacy of 60.8 lm W-1, the highest among all reported solution-processed OLEDs. The high efficiency may be attributed to the host possessing a zero electron injection barrier, resulting in a more balanced carrier-injection. Besides, the paired host and guest energy-levels allow excitons to generate on the guest predominantly at low voltage, but with increasing excitons generating on the host with the increasing voltage.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 VIII
表目錄 XII
圖目錄 XIII
壹、緒論 1
貳、文獻回顧 4
2-1、有機發光二極體的歷史發展 4
2-2、有機發光二極體的發光原理 19
2-3、能量傳遞機制 28
2-4、光色定義 30
2-5、出光機制 32
2-6、有機發光二極體材料之發展 33
2-6-1、陽極材料 33
2-6-2、電洞傳輸材料 34
2-6-3、電子傳輸材料 35
2-6-4、電子注入材料 36
2-6-5、陰極材料 37
2-7、綠光有機發光二極體之發展 37
2-7-1、乾式製程 37
2-7-2、濕式製程 38
參、實驗方法 42
3-1、材料 42
3-1-1、材料之功能、全名及簡稱 43
3-1-2、本研究所使用有機材料之化學結構式 44
3-1-3、綠光客體(3-CF3C1BNO)2Ir(prz)之合成 48
3-1-4、材料性質之量測 49
3-2、元件設計及製備 50
3-2-1、元件電路設計 50
3-2-2、ITO基材清潔 51
3-2-3、旋轉塗佈電洞傳輸層 53
3-2-4、發光層之製備 53
3-2-5、蒸鍍裝置 55
3-2-6、蒸鍍速率之測定 55
3-2-7、電子傳輸層之製備 57
3-2-8、無機層之製備 57
3-3、元件之量測及發光效率計算 58
肆、結果與討論 60
4-1、發光材料特性 60
4-2、主體材料對元件之影響 62
4-2-1、元件之能階結構 62
4-2-2、元件電流密度之表現 64
4-2-3、元件能量及電流效率之表現 66
4-3、客體染料對元件的影響 69
4-3-1、元件能階結構與最佳濃度 69
4-3-2、元件電流密度之表現 71
4-3-3、元件能量及電流效率之表現 73
4-4、發光層厚度對元件效率的影響 77
4-5、元件高效率結果之探討 79
4-5-1、元件結構設計 80
4-5-2、能量傳遞 82
伍、結論 85
陸、參考文獻 87
附錄、個人著作目錄 107
(A)期刊論文 107
(B)研討會論文 108

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