本研究旨在探討幼兒性好奇行為與家長的回應，瞭解不同背景幼兒的性好奇行為表現是否有差異，以及不同背景家長在回應方式上的差異情形。本研究採用網路問卷調查，研究對象為新竹縣市公私立幼兒園家長，採用分層隨機抽樣法，共回收677份有效問卷。回收資料進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數與卡方檢定分析，並以立意取樣選出12位幼兒園家長進行線上訪談。研究結果發現：（一）以各類型性好奇行為來看，「性疑問」行為類型出現的比例最高，其次為「身體探索（非接觸）」與「言談中的性語言」。常見的性好奇行為有九項，其中，「經常出現」的行為百分比較高是「身體太貼近熟悉的人」。（二）不同性別、年齡、手足情形在部分幼兒性好奇行為類型的表現上達顯著差異。使用3C的時間在性好奇行為表現上沒有顯著差異，但是，收看節目類型不同，在性好奇行為表現上則有顯著差異。有收看兒童節目的幼兒比沒有收看者的性疑問少；收看綜藝/連續劇的幼兒比沒有收看者表現出較多「性好奇遊戲」行為；收看新聞的幼兒比沒有收看者表現出較多的「身體邊界之互動行為」。（三）家長回應方式以「解釋說明」的比例最高，採用「處罰」者極少；在「身體邊界之互動行為」、「性好奇遊戲」、「身體探索（非接觸）」三種類型上「覺得沒關係」的比例較其他類型高。在身體探索（接觸）、對生殖器自我觸摸、言談中的性語言三種類型上，「制止」回應的比例較其他類型高；家長面對性好奇行為，多同時採用兩種以上的回應方式。此外，訪談資料顯示，家長在回應幼兒性好奇行為時是有其考量的，會依幼兒狀況不斷調整回應方式。對於重複性的行為，才會採取較為嚴厲的方式；家長會從小教導自我保護的觀念，制止貼近陌生人，也會教導孩子尊重他人。（四）家長背景變項，因性別、年齡、教育程度、職業、子女性別、子女年齡的差異，在對部分性好奇行為的回應方式上達顯著差異。依據以上研究結果，本文最後提出相關建議，以供相關教育單位以及未來研究做參考。

This study aims to explore the sexual curiosity behaviors of young children and parents' responses, to determine whether there are differences in sexual curiosity behavior among children from different backgrounds and how parents of different backgrounds respond. An online questionnaire survey was conducted, and the subjects were parents of public and private kindergartens in Hsinchu County. Stratified random sampling was used, and 677 valid questionnaires were collected. Independent sample t-test, single factor variance, and chi-square test were used for analysis. Twelve parents were selected for online interviews by purposeful sampling. The findings are as the followings:
(1) "Sexual questioning" has the highest proportion, followed by "Body exploration (non-contact)" and "Sexual language in speech." Among the behaviors that occur often, the item with the highest percentage is "Being too close to a familiar person," followed by "Using words or jokes related to urination and urination." There are nine common sexually curious behaviors, among which the "frequently occurring" behavior with a higher percentage is "Being too close to a familiar person."
(2) Significant difference exists in the performance of some children's sexual curiosity behaviors according to gender, age, sibling status, and the type of programs they watch. No significant difference exists in the sexual curiosity behavior based on the time of using 3C. However, a significant difference exists in the performance of sexual curiosity behavior depending on the type of program watched. Children who watch “Programs for children” have fewer sexual questions than those who do not watch; children who watch variety shows/serials show more "Sexual curiosity play" behaviors than those who do not watch; children who watch news shows more "Interactive behavior related to body boundaries" than those who do not watch.
(3) Among parents' responses, "Explanation and clarification" has the highest proportion, and "Punishment" has very few instances. As compared to other types of behaviors, the proportion of parents who respond with "Not a big deal" is higher in the three types of interactions-- "Physical boundaries," "Sexual curiosity play," and "Physical exploration with no contact." "Stop" is more commonly used in the types of "Physical exploration (contact)," "Self-touching of genitals," and "Sexual language in speech." Parents often use two or more responses when dealing with sexual curiosity behaviors. Furthermore, the interview data show that parents consider and adjust their approaches based on the children’s situation when responding to their sexual curiosity behaviors. "Punishment" is employed when the behaviors are repetitive. Most parents teach their children about self-protection, discouraging them from approaching strangers and promoting respect for others.
(4) Parents with different backgrounds, including gender, age, education, and occupation of parents, and gender and age of children, show significant differences in their responses to certain sexual curiosity behaviors. Based on the above findings, the study gives some suggestions for educational institutions and future research.


Keywords: young child, parent, sexual curiosity behavior, response

目 錄

第一章 緒論-----------------------------------1
第一節 研究動機--------------------------------1
一、個人對幼兒性好奇的初步觀察---------------------1
二、家長在幼兒性發展中的重要性---------------------2
三、國內幼兒性好奇行為以及成人回應之相關研究有限-----4
第二節 研究目的與問題--------------------------6
第三節 名詞釋義-----------------------------------7
第二章 文獻探討--------------------------------9
第一節 幼兒性好奇行為---------------------------9
一、幼兒性發展------------------------------------9
二、幼兒性好奇行為相關研究-------------------------11
三、幼兒性好奇行為的類型---------------------------19
四、小結------------------------------------------24
第二節 成人對幼兒性好奇行為的回應-------------------25
一、成人面對幼兒性好奇行為之回應方式相關研究---------25
二、文獻建議的回應方式-----------------------------30
三、小結------------------------------------------34
第三節 影響成人回應方式之相關因素-------------------35
一、個人背景---------------------------------------35
二、家長回應時的考量--------------------------------36
第三章 研究方法------------------------------------41
第一節 研究架構------------------------------------41
一、家長背景變項-----------------------------------42
二、幼兒背景變項-----------------------------------42
三、性好奇行為類型----------------------------------42
四、家長回應方式-----------------------------------43
第二節 研究對象------------------------------------44
一、網路問卷研究樣本--------------------------------44
二、訪談研究樣本-----------------------------------47
第三節 研究實施程序---------------------------------48
第四節 研究工具-------------------------------------49
一、編製問卷初稿------------------------------------49
二、專家內容效度------------------------------------49
三、問卷內在一致性----------------------------------50
四、正式網路問卷------------------------------------51
五、訪談大綱----------------------------------------53
第五節 資料處理與分析--------------------------------54
一、問卷資料處理與量性分析---------------------------54
二、訪談資料處理與質性分析---------------------------56
第四章 研究結果與討論--------------------------------57
第一節 幼兒性好奇行為概況----------------------------57
一、性好奇行為分布情形-------------------------------57
二、不同背景幼兒的性好奇行為概況----------------------59
三、小結--------------------------------------------71
第二節 家長面對性好奇行為的回應方式-------------------72
一、家長回應各類型行為的方式-------------------------72
二、不同背景家長回應性好奇行為之情形------------------74
三、家長回應的內容與考量-----------------------------83
四、家長回應內容的補充說明---------------------------90
五、小結-------------------------------------------92
第三節 討 論---------------------------------------94
第五章 結論與建議-----------------------------------99
第一節 結論-------------------------------------101
一、幼兒常出現的性好奇行為---------------------------101
二、不同性別、年齡、手足情形、收看節目類型在部分幼兒性好奇行為類型上有顯著差異------------------------------------------------102
三、家長面對幼兒性好奇行為採用的回應方式與考量--------102
四、不同背景的家長對幼兒性好奇行為的回應方式之情形----103
第二節 建議---------------------------------------104
一、對相關教育單位的建議---------------------------104
二、對未來研究的建議-------------------------------104
參考文獻------------------------------------------107
一、中文------------------------------------------107
二、英文------------------------------------------109
附錄一 CSBI兒童性行為量表-Friedrich等（1998）-------112
附錄二 本研究選取性好奇行為題目之說明----------------113
附錄三 問卷初稿修訂內容-----------------------------116
附錄四 網路正式問卷---------------------------------118
附錄五 訪談大綱圖片—寶寶從哪來？---------------------132
附錄六 使用3C時間與性好奇行為之差異分析表-------------133
附錄七 宗教信仰與回應方式之分析表----------------137
附錄八 使用3C時間與回應方式之分析表------------------138

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