出口中介商是指在國際貿易中，專門幫助製造商將其產品銷售到國外市場的廠商，因此出口中介商在國外研究中一直是一個備受矚目的議題，而對於是否選擇使用出口中介的服務不僅會受到出口目標國的特性影響，也會受到產品本身的性質與特徵的影響。本文使用了臺灣財政部提供之2007年至2019年的海關資料與廠商報稅資料，並將資料整合為產品－國家層級的形式，藉此計算出某產品出口到某特定國家使用出口中介的比例，以此去探討台灣使用出口中介的情形。我們以產品特徵（產品異質性、產品內出口批發商的集中度）與出口目的國特徵（GDP、人均GDP、距離）作為主要的研究變數，並利用時間固定效果模型進行分析，接著進一步的在時間固定效果之下分別加入國家固定效果或部門固定效果，發現出口目的國市場越大越不傾向使用出口中介的服務，而與出口目標國距離的遠近則會因為出口中介商出口額佔總出口比例的不同而有不同的影響，此外當異質性產品該比例較高。另外因為臺灣特殊的產業型態與出口樣態，故本文還將財貨類別進行分類與分析。依據廣義經濟分類將貨品分為兩大類: 消費財與工業財 (中間財加資本財)；亦可分為電子產品與非電子產品，我們發現在這些不同的樣本之下出口目的國特性會對使用出口中介的比例產生不同程度的影響，至於產品特徵的部分在電子產品與非電子產品以及工業財的情況下異質性產品較多使用出口中介的服務，而在消費財的情況之下則是非異質性產品較多使用出口中介的服務。

Export intermediaries are the firms that specialize in assisting manufacturers in selling their products to foreign markets. Therefore, export intermediaries have always been an important research topic in international trade. The decision on using export intermediary is influenced by the characteristics of both the export destination countries and the products. This paper utilizes customs data and firm tax data from 2007 to 2019 provided by Taiwan's Ministry of Finance. We use exporters in the wholesale trade sector as proxies for export intermediaries. The data are aggregated to the product-country level This allows us to calculate the proportion of a specific product exported to a particular country using export intermediaries, thereby exploring the usage of export intermediaries in Taiwan. We use product characteristics (product differentiation and concentration of wholesalers within the product) and characteristics of the export destinations (GDP, GDP per capita, and distance) as the main explanatory variables and use time fixed effects model for analysis. Furthermore, we introduce country fixed effects or sector fixed effects in the time fixed effects model. Our findings suggest that the share of exports by intermediary is smaller for larger markets while the effects of distance depend on the share of intermediary exports. Additionally, due to Taiwan's unique export patterns, this paper also divides goods into two subsamples based on the Broad Economic Categories: consumer goods and industrial goods (intermediate and capital goods); we also divide products into electronic and non-electronic products. We find that the share of exports by intermediaries is larger for differentiated goods for both electronics and non-electronics products, and for the subsample of industrial goods. For consumer goods, the share of exports by intermediaries is lower for differentiated goods.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 緒論 1
第2章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 廠商生產力與出口中介商的關係 4
2.2 出口成本與出口中介商的關係 4
2.3 產品特性與出口中介商的關係 5
2.4 出口目的國與出口中介商的關係 6
第3章 資料介紹與敘述統計 7
3.1 資料來源 7
3.2 臺灣出口現況 9
3.3 批發商與製造商出口現況 10
第4章 實證模型與敘述統計 14
4.1 固定效果模型 14
4.2 敘述統計 17
第5章 實證結果 20
5.1 基本模型 20
5.2 時間固定效果加上國家固定效果或部門固定效果 21
5.3 出口中介對資本財、中間財與消費財的影響 24
5.4 電子產品 26
5.5 鄰近國家與非鄰近國家 26
第6章 結論 28
參考文獻 29
附錄 31

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