精實管理強調消除浪費與提升價值，透過不斷精進，來滿足客戶需求與降
低企業成本。本研究以精實管理為核心，探討航太備料流程中的改善問題。透
過繪製改善前的價值溪流圖，找出改善問題點及改善機會，藉由訪談個案公司
專家，分析改善問題點，以及對於這些問題提出改善方法。改善過程中，運用
魚骨圖及並以精實管理理論中的八大浪費與五大原則進行分析，以達到降低作
業時間、減少重工等目的。以本研究為例，比較改善前後作業時間，作業時間
從834天縮短至524天，減少37%，另外也達到減少重工104天之效益。經本研究
發現，個案公司在導入精實管理後，除了在作業時間有大幅度地縮短，也能發
掘流程中的根本問題，持續的精進。希望本研究能提供相關其他航太業者導入
精實管理新的方向。

This study focuses on the improvement of the aerospace material planning process by utilizing the principles of Lean Management, which emphasizes the elimination of waste and the enhancement of value through continuous improvement in order to meet customer demands and reduce company costs. To identify improvement opportunities, the value stream map was drawn to depict the material planning process before any changes were made. Through interviews with experts from the case company, the problem areas were identified and analyzed, and improvement strategies were proposed for each issue. During the improvement process, the fishbone diagram was utilized along with the analysis of the eight types of waste and the five principles of Lean Management in order to reduce operation time and minimize rework. Taking this study as an example, a comparison of operation time before and after the improvement was conducted, resulting in a reduction from 834 days to 524 days, representing a 37% decrease. Additionally, the benefit of reducing rework by 104 days was also achieved. According to the findings of this study, the case company has experienced significant reductions in operation time and has been able to identify root problems in the process through the implementation of Lean Management, leading to ongoing improvements. It is hoped that this research will provide new directions for other aerospace companies seeking to adopt Lean Management principles.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 viii
縮寫表 x
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的與問題 2
第三節 研究流程 2
第二章 文獻探討 4
第一節 精實管理定義 4
第二節 精實管理的八大浪費與五大原則 5
第三節 精實管理於辦公室管理之運用 7
第三章 研究方法 9
第一節 個案研究法 9
第二節 半結構式訪談 10
壹、受訪專家背景 11
貳、訪談問題 11
第三節 價值溪流圖VSM 12
第四節 魚骨圖 13
第五節 時間序列分析 14
第六節 研究步驟 16
第四章 研究結果 17
第一節 個案公司流程說明 17
第二節 個案公司專家訪談 20
第三節 問題分析 22
第四節 流程改善行動 24
壹、備料建議量之精確度待提升與作業時間過長 24
貳、飛機物料的停產風險增加 26
第五節 流程改善後效益分析 31
壹、提升備料建議量之精準度 31
貳、降低飛機物料的停產風險 33
參、縮短整體備料流程作業時間 33
第五章 檢討與建議 37
第一節 研究結論 37
第二節 研究貢獻與發現建議 37
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向建議 38
參考文獻 39
外文文獻 38
中文文獻 40
網路資料 40

Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. (2007). The machine that changed the world:The story of lean production--Toyota's secret weapon in the global car wars that is now revolutionizing world industry. Simon and Schuster.
Hyndman, R. J., & Koehler, A. B. (2006). Another look at measures of forecast accuracy. International journal of forecasting, 22(4), 679-688.
Sastre, R. M., Saurin, T. A., Echeveste, M. E. S., de Paula, I. C., & Lucena, R. (2018). Lean office: Study on the applicability of the concept in a design company. In DS92: Proceedings of the DESIGN 2018 15th International Design Conference (pp.643-654).
Hennink, M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2020). Qualitative research methods. Sage.
Box, G. E., Jenkins, G. M., Reinsel, G. C., & Ljung, G. M. (2015). Time series analysis: forecasting and control. John Wiley & Sons.
Hyndman, R. J., & Athanasopoulos, G. (2018). Forecasting: principles and practice.OTexts.
Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota production system: beyond large-scale production. crc Press.
Liker, J. K. (2021). Toyota way: 14 management principles from the world's greatest manufacturer. McGraw-Hill Education.
Klefsjö, B. (2011). Toyota Kata: managing people for improvement, adaptiveness and superior results. Quality Progress, 44(11), 63.
Shingo, S., & Dillon, A. P. (1989). A study of the Toyota production system: From an Industrial Engineering Viewpoint. CRC Press.
Rother, M., & Shook, J. (2003). Learning to see: value stream mapping to add value and eliminate muda. Lean enterprise institute.
George Michael, L. (2005). The lean six sigma pocket toolbook: A quick reference guide to nearly 100 tools for improving process quality, speed, and complexity. Edición McGraw-Hill.
Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. Sage publications.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). sage.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Ishikawa, K. (1985). What is total quality control? The Japanese way. Prentice Hall.
Makridakis, S., Wheelwright, S. C., & Hyndman, R. J. (2008). Forecasting methods and applications. John wiley & sons.
陳億璋（2022）。運用精實管理於生產作業流程改善‐以C公司為例。企業管理
系，國立高雄科技大學。
陳威良（2022）。精實管理於醫療改善之運用 - 以急性腦中風導管內取栓手術
為例。企業管理學系，逢甲大學。
胡幼慧、姚美華 (1996) 。質性研究: 理論方法及本土女性研究實例台北。台北。
巨流。
經濟部航太產業發展推動小組（2023）。歷年航空業產值。Retrieved from
https://www.casid.org.tw/Page.aspx?ID=9e2d07e8-9f61-4e7a-8485-63b5dcd16dda
The Boeing Company（2022）。2021 annual report。Retrieved from
https://s2.q4cdn.com/661678649/files/doc_financials/2021/ar/The-Boeing-Company-2021-Annual-Report.pdf
維基百科（2023）。魚骨圖。Retrieved from
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%9D%E5%9B%BE
Emerald Insight（2021）。價值溪流圖。Retrieved from
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJQRM-05-2019-0145/full/html
Lean Enterprise Institute（2022）。精實定義。Retrieved from
https://www.lean.org/explore-lean/what-is-lean/
BBC News（2022）。 Coronavirus: Airlines face $252 billion in lost sales, warns IATA。Retrieved from
https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51706225
Defense Standardization Program Office（2022）。 SD-22 Diminishing
Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages。Retrieved from
https://www.infodoc.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/SD-22_2021.pdf