本研究旨在比較三相三線LCL換流器中，使用「直接數位控制」和「D-Q軸轉換控制」兩種控制策略之性能差異。為了實現此目標，我們選取兩組具有不同衰減率的LCL濾波器做為實驗對象，使兩組濾波器採用兩種不同控制法進行了實驗，並對併網實驗結果進行評估，評估換流器的暫態響應、穩態響應以及抗擾動的控制能力。
首先，介紹直接數位控制與D-Q軸轉換控制之控制策略，在直接數位控制中，透過分切合整過程推導，實現三相解耦合與納入電感量控制，使得換流器控制更加強健；在D-Q軸轉換控制中，則透過派克變換與數學推導，簡化三相系統得出系統於D-Q座標下之等效模型，利用D-Q座標模型建立D-Q軸轉換控制。
本研究也對LCL濾波器考量電感衰減率下，進行濾波器的分析與設計，使用衰減率較大之濾波器，可以有效縮小換流器體積與重量，然而其缺點仍不清晰。因此，使用所推導出的直接數位控制與D-Q軸轉換控制，兩種不同控制法進行不同衰減率之探討，並比較其結果，分析不同衰減率之濾波器對兩種控制法產生之影響。
本研究之主要貢獻為：(1)測試並比較解耦合直接數位控制和D-Q軸轉換控制兩種策略在LCL換流器中之控制性能；(2)測試並比較解耦合直接數位控制與D-Q軸轉換控制對於不同程度之電感量變化影響；(3)測試並比較解耦合直接數位控制與D-Q軸轉換控制對於電網失真之控制能力。

This research focuses on comparing the performances of direct digital control and D-Q axis control. To achieve this goal, two LCL filters with different inductance attenuations are designed. The experiment involves using an inverter with these filters and adopting both direct digital control and D-Q axis control. The objective is to evaluate the control ability of the system, including transient responses, steady-state responses, and anti-disturbance ability.
First, the direct digital control is introduced. It employs the division-summation (D-Σ) process to achieve the decoupling of three-phase system and incorporates system parameters into the controller calculation. This control method speeds up the responses and enhances the system robustness. On the other hand, D-Q axis control simplifies the three-phase system by D-Q domain with Park transformation. The system model in the D-Q domain is constructed through by the mathematical derivation. The controller of system is designed according to the model of inverter in D-Q domain.
This research includes LCL filter design by considering inductance attenuation, which can reduce sizes and values of the filter. However, the disadvantages of the inverter with these filters are not clear. Thus, we do the experiment with different control methods and filters. We compare the results to analyze the effects of these filters with different controllers.
The major contributions of this thesis are：(1) testing and comparing the performances of the inverter with direct digital control and D-Q axis control, (2) testing and comparing the effects of two control method with different inductance attenuation, (3) testing and comparing control ability of two control method when grid in distorted.

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-2-1 三相換流器控制策略 2
1-2-2 換流器控制器 5
1-3 論文大綱 9
第二章 系統架構與控制策略 11
2-1 三相三線換流器系統架構 11
2-2 三相解耦合直接數位控制 12
2-2-1 系統共模電壓 13
2-2-2 控制器設計 16
2-3 D-Q軸轉換控制 19
2-3-1 派克變換(Park Transformation)[6] 19
2-3-2 D-Q座標軸之三相等效模型 20
2-3-3 控制器設計 22
第三章 韌體規劃與動作流程 23
3-1 韌體架構 23
3-2 微控制器 24
3-2-1 中斷系統 24
3-2-2 腳位規劃 25
3-2-3 類比/數位轉換模組 26
3-2-4 脈波寬度調變模組 27
3-3 韌體控制流程 28
3-3-1 程式流程 28
3-3-2 模組規劃 33
第四章 系統周邊電路 35
4-1 輔助電源 35
4-1-1 控制板輔助電源系統 35
4-1-2 驅動輔助電源系統 38
4-2 電壓/電流回授 40
4-2-1 直流鏈電壓回授 40
4-2-2 交流回授 41
4-3 驅動電路 46
4-3-1 緩衝器與準位調整 46
4-3-2 單相開關臂驅動電路 47
4-4 硬體保護電路 49
4-5 併網繼電器電路 50
第五章 系統參數設計與實務考量 51
5-1 換流器規格 51
5-2 LCL濾波器設計 52
5-2-1 設計考量 53
5-2-2 設計方法 55
5-2-3 設計流程 61
5-3 實務考量 62
5-3-1 濾波電感考量 62
5-3-2 韌體程式考量 69
第六章 實測結果與驗證 71
6-1 系統規格與參數 71
6-2 控制法說明 72
6-3 實測波形 73
6-3-1 暫態步階響應比較 73
6-3-2 穩態波形比較 76
6-3-3 電網失真響應 95
第七章 結論與未來研究方向 115
7-1 結論 115
7-2 未來研究方向 116
7-2-1 加入穩定度分析 116
7-2-2 分析孤島情況下之比較結果 116
7-2-3 加入通訊功能 116
參考文獻 117


 

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