用過核子燃料由核電廠經過反應爐而產生，屬於高放射性的廢棄物，其所釋放的高輻射及衰變熱都會對環境造成破壞。目前國際間認為最適當的處理方式就是深地層處置，透過處置場中多重障壁的概念將用過核子燃料棒與地下母岩隔絕，其中多重障蔽包含包覆住用過核子燃料棒，由銅殼及鑄鐵內襯所組成的耐腐蝕廢棄物罐、外層用來吸附核種的膨潤土所組成的工程障壁，以及深地層之母岩所形成的天然障壁，藉由深地層處置的方式達到防止核種外洩的效果。本論文參考瑞典核燃料與廢料處理公司(Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB, SKB)、DECOVALEX-2015 Task B2以及芬蘭放射性廢棄物管理公司POSIVA OY所提供的文獻及案例進行熱傳與水力分析，透過一維及二維模型的模擬分析來降低計算時間，並觀察在緩衝材料及回填材料中的變化趨勢是否符合理論及實驗值。完成熱傳與水力的分析後，進行三維完整模型的熱傳-水力耦合分析的平行驗證，探討在耦合作用下的溫度及飽和度分布，並針對完成之結果做靈敏度分析，以觀察在不同環境條件下對溫度以及飽和度的影響。

Spent nuclear fuel is the product of the reactor in the nuclear power plant, which is a highly radioactive waste. The high radiation and decay heat of the spent nuclear fuel will cause the damage to the human environment. “Deep geological disposal” is the most appropriate solution for the spent nuclear fuel manage internationally, with the concept of using multiple barriers at the disposal site to isolate the spent nuclear fuel with environment. The multiple barriers including corrosion-resistant copper canister with ductile iron insert, bentonite clay to adsorb the radionuclides at the outer layer as engineered barriers and crystalline bedrock as natural barriers. With the way of “deep geological disposal” we can prevent the radionuclide diffusion. This paper refers to the data and cases from SKB, DECOVALEX-2015 Task B2 and POSIVA OY for Thermal-Hydraulic coupling analysis. To reduce the calculation time, using one-dimensional and two-dimensional models for Thermal simulation and hydraulic simulation, and analyze the results to check if the secular variations were consistent with the available data. After the one and two-dimensional analyzes are done, proceed to the next step with a complete model of three-dimensional Thermal-Hydraulic coupling simulation and validation, with the method of sensitivity analysis, we could observe the changes in different materials and environments resulting in the temperature and saturation distributions through the coupling process.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
符號表 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 研究方法 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
第三章 統御方程式與數值模式 7
3.1 多孔介質流動之參數介紹 7
3.2 多孔介質流動之統御方程式推導 9
3.2.1 質量與能量守恆方程式推導 9
3.2.2 質量守恆方程式統整 10
3.2.3 能量守恆方程式和熱傳方程式統整 10
3.3 TOUGH2數值模式 13
第四章 水力傳輸模型建立 16
4.1 一維模型與網格建立 16
4.1.1 初始條件和材料參數 18
4.1.2 邊界條件 20
4.1.3 數學模式 21
4.1.4 一維水力傳輸結果展示 22
4.1.5 結果分析 24
4.2 二維模型與網格建立 25
4.2.1 初始條件和材料參數 29
4.2.2 邊界條件 34
4.2.3 數學模式 35
4.2.4 二維水力傳輸結果展示 35
4.2.5 結果分析 53
第五章 熱傳-水力耦合案例驗證模型建立 55
5.1 DECOVALEX-2015熱傳-水力耦合模型建立與驗證 55
5.1.1 初始條件和材料參數 60
5.1.2 邊界條件 62
5.1.3 結果展示 62
5.1.4 結果分析 66
5.2 Posiva 2012-48案例驗證 68
5.2.1 模型與網格 68
5.2.2 初始條件和材料參數 75
5.2.3 邊界條件 78
5.2.4 數學模式 81
5.2.5 結果展示 81
5.2.6 結果分析 87
第六章 結論 88
第七章 參考文獻 89
附錄 90
附錄A 不確定度量測之求解方法 90

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