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作者(中文):顧以貞
作者(外文):Gu, Yi-Zhen
論文名稱(中文):羅傑.弗萊藝術觀與藝術實踐之研究
論文名稱(外文):Study of Roger Fry’s Art Views and Practices
指導教授(中文):張琳
指導教授(外文):Chang, Lin
口試委員(中文):余季音
謝佳娟
口試委員(外文):Yu, Chi-Ying
Hsieh, Chia-Chuan
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立清華大學
系所名稱:藝術與設計學系所
學號:109593503
出版年(民國):113
畢業學年度:112
語文別:中文
論文頁數:70
中文關鍵詞:羅傑.弗萊形式主義後印象派塞尚克萊夫.貝爾布魯姆斯伯里文化圈
外文關鍵詞:Roger FryFormalismPost-ImpressionismCézanneClive BellBloomsbury Group
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羅傑.弗萊(Roger Eliot Fry,1866-1934)以「形式」為主的藝術批評方式,為十九世紀末至二十世紀初的英國視覺藝術注入嶄新的語彙。然而此舉並非一蹴即成。本論文旨在找出背後的各種藝術史條件,加以整理論述之。筆者使用的方法為:檔案資料蒐集、文獻回顧及圖像分析。第二章聚焦弗萊的時代背景,討論在當時藝壇,除了學院主導的風格外,還有新的聲音(如:羅斯金、拉斐爾前派、唯美主義)欲突破僵化的氛圍。順著這股潮流,弗萊引入了法國當時前衛的藝術作品(即今日所謂的「後印象派」),並捍衛之。第三章討論弗萊美學思想的養成和結論(包含「有意味的形式」這個重要觀點)。第四章則視弗萊為畫家,檢驗他是否在自己的繪畫中,實踐自己的藝術思想。本研究發現弗萊不僅是重要的藝術史學者、美學家、藝評家、畫家,更是在這些多重角色中,都能貫徹自己思想的人。
Roger Eliot Fry’s (1866-1934) approach to Art Criticism is based on “forms”. It brings brand new vocabulary to the British visual art from the late 19th to the early 20th century. However, this was not achieved overnight. The dissertation aims to find out the art historical conditions behind the scene and to organize and discuss them. The methods I adopted included archival survey, literature review, and iconographical analysis. Chapter two focuses on Fry’s backgrounds. Chapter two discusses the new voices of the time (such as John Ruskin, the Pre-Raphaelites, and the Aestheticism) which attempted to break the style dominated by the Royal Academy. Following this, Fry introduced the contemporary French Avant-Garde artists’ works (today known as the Post-Impressionism) and defended them. Chapter three discusses the foundation and conclusion of Fry’s aesthetic thinking, including the important idea of “significant form”. Chapter four views Fry as a painter and examines whether he practised his own artistic ideas in his artworks. This study shows that Fry is not only an important art-historian, esthetician, art critic, and painter, but also a person who could carry out his own thoughts in all the roles his had played.
第一章 緒論...............................................1
第一節 研究背景、動機與目的.................................1
第二節 研究對象與研究方法...................................3
第三節 研究範圍與限制......................................4
第四節 名詞解釋............................................5
第五節 文獻回顧............................................5
第六節 各章安排............................................13
第二章 維多利亞晚期與愛德華時期的藝術發展.....................15
第一節 維多利亞時期的藝壇變化:拉斐爾前派、羅斯金、唯美主義....15
第二節 唯美主義藝術觀的爭議.................................20
第三節 弗萊與後印象派.......................................23
小結.......................................................28
第三章 藝評家弗萊...........................................29
第一節 弗萊藝術生涯之歷程..................................29
第二節 弗萊的美學觀:康德的影響、大自然與生活..................32
第三節 有意味的形式..........................................36
小結 ...................................................40
第四章 畫家弗萊 ...........................................42
第一節 風景畫................................................44
第二節 靜物畫................................................50
第三節 肖像畫................................................58
小結.........................................................62
第五章 結論...................................................64
參考文獻 ......................................................67


參考文獻
史料文獻

Arts Council of Great Britain, Roger Fry: Paintings and Drawings : Arts Council 1952, Arts Council, 1952.
London Grafton Galleries, Manet and the post-impressionists; Nov. 8th to Jan. 15th, 1910-11... (under revision), London: Legare Street Press, 2021.
Fry, Roger Eliot .Vision and Design. Harmondsworth, New York : Penguin Books. 1937. https://archive.org/details/visiondes00fryr/mode/2up
Fry, Roger. Transformations : Critical and Speculative Essays on Art.(1927) Wisconsin: Literary Licensing, LLC, 2014
Fry, Roger, Reflections on British Painting(1934), New York: Hassell Street Press, 2021.

後世研究

中文

Clive Bell,周金環、馬鍾元譯《藝術》,台北市:商鼎文化出版社,2002。
Clive Bell,張恆譯《塞尚之後︰20世紀初的藝術運動理論與實踐》,北京市:新星出版社,2010。
E.H. Gombrich,雨云譯《藝術的故事》,新北市:聯經出版公司,2008。
Erwin Panofsky,戚印平、範景中譯,《圖像學研究︰文藝復興時期藝術的人文主題》,上海市:上海三聯書店,2011。
Immanuel Kant,劉曉芒譯《判斷力批判》,新北市:聯經,2020。
John Ruskin,李正子、劉迪譯《羅斯金論繪畫:線條、光線和色彩》,北京市:金城出版社,2013。
John Ruskin,李正子、潘雅楠譯《透納與拉斐爾前派》,北京市:金城,2012。
John Ruskin,張翔、張改華、郭洪壽譯,《藝術十講》,北京:中國人民大學出版社,2008。
Jorella Andrews,柯松韻譯《This is 塞尚》,台北市:天培,2020。
Petra ten-Doesschate Chu,丁寧、吳瑤、劉鵬、梁舒涵譯《十九世紀歐洲藝術史》,北京:北京大學出版社,2014。
Quentin Bell,季進譯《隱秘的火焰︰布魯姆斯伯里文化圈》,南京市:江蘇教育出版社,2006。
Richard Shone、John-Paul Stonard,王聖智譯《藝術史學的世界觀:從宮布利希與葛林柏格到阿爾珀斯及克勞斯》,台北市:典藏藝術家庭股份有限公司, 2017。
Roger Fry,沈語冰、范景中譯《弗萊藝術批評文選》,南京市:江蘇美術出版社,2013。
Roger Fry,沈語冰譯《塞尚及其畫風發展》,廣西:廣西美術出版社,2016。
Roger Fry,耿永強譯《視覺與設計》,北京:金城出版社,2011。
S.P. Rosenbaum,杜爭鳴、王楊譯《回蕩的沉默︰布魯姆斯伯里文化圈側影》,南京市:江蘇教育出版社,2006。
S.P. Rosenbaum,徐冰譯《歲月與海浪︰布魯姆斯伯里文化圈人物群像》,南京市:江蘇教育出版社,2006。
王秀雄,《觀賞,認知,解釋與評價:美術鑑賞教育的學理與實務》,台北市:國立歷史博物館,1998。
王南溟,〈文化人類學、自然科學與羅傑.弗萊的批評方法論〉,東方藝術,2010 (21),頁84-85。
吳礽喻,《羅賽蒂:拉斐爾前派代表畫家》,台北市:藝術家,2011。
吳礽喻、何政廣,《惠斯勒:唯美主義繪畫大師》,台北市:藝術家,2010。
李魯鄂,〈塞尚是如何成為現代之父的—羅傑.弗萊及他的《塞尚及其繪畫發展》〉,東方藝術,2010 (21),頁80-83。
沈語冰,〈對形式主義美學的再認識:論羅傑·弗萊的晚年思想〉,文藝理論研究,2010 (1),頁69-74。
沈語冰,《20世紀藝術批評》,杭州:中國美術學院,2003。
林盈銓,東海大學哲學系博士論文《美學形式與內容之關係:以攝影為例》,民國一零四年。
康寧,〈創造美的形象 形式和形式主義〉,人像攝影, 2015 (6), p.130-131。
張琳,〈「一個簡單生活的地方」:瑞克利夫(William Ratcliffe, 1870-1955)筆下的田園城市〉(《藝術評論》38期(2020)),頁1-43。
張瀛太著,〈論羅傑‧弗萊的「藝術即形式」〉,人文社會學報,第四期 2008年3月號,頁25-48。
陳瓊花,《藝術概論》台北市:三民書局,2011。
賴玉芳,屏東科技大學視覺藝術學系碩士論文《羅傑.弗萊與形式主義批評》,民國九十七年。
魏怡,《羅斯金的美學與宗教觀》,北京:中國大百科出版社,2020。
瀾工,《唯美主義大師圖鑑》,台中市:好讀,2004。

英文

Adams, Laurie, The methodologies of art : an introduction, New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.
Alpers, Svetlana, The Art of Describing : Dutch Art in the Seventeenth Century, Chicago: University of Chicago Press , 1983.
Anderson, Ronald, and Anne. Koval. James McNeill Whistler : Beyond the Myth, New York: Carroll & Graf, 1995.
Arnold, Dana., and David Peters Corbett. A Companion to British Art 1600 to the Present. 1st ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
Bullen, J.B. ed., Post-Impressionists in England ,London: Routledge, 1988.
Bullen, J.B., “Burne-Jones and the Aesthetic Body” in The Pre-Raphaelite Body ,Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.
Compton, Susan P., and Dawn. Ades. British Art in the 20th Century : The Modern Movement. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1986.
Elam, Caroline, Roger Fry and Italian Art, London:Ad Ilissvm, 2019.
Elizabeth Berkowitz, ‘The 1910 ‘Manet and the Post – Impressionists’ Exhibition: Importance and Critical Issues’ https://branchcollective.org/?ps_articles=elizabeth-berkowitz-the-1910-manet-and-the-post-impressionists-exhibition-importance-and-critical-issues
Fry, Roger, French, Flemish and British Art, Perlego:Chandra Chakravarti Press, 2007.
Harrison, Charles, and Paul. Wood. Art in Theory, 1900-1990 : An Anthology of Changing Ideas. Oxford, UK ; Blackwell, 1993.
Kultermann, Udo, The History of Art History, New York:Abaris Books, 1993.
Lionel, Lambourne, Victorian Painting, London : Press Limited, 1999.
Oscar Wilde, The Critic as Artist, London: David Zwirner Books, 2019
Prettejohn, Elizabeth, Art for Art's Sake: Aestheticism in Victorian Painting, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2007
Richard Morphet. “Roger Fry: The Nature of His Painting.” The Burlington Magazine, vol. 122, no. 928, 1980, pp. 478–462. p.481. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/880054. Accessed 29 June 2023
Robins, Anna Gruetzner,‘Manet and the Post-Impressionists ’ : a checklist of exhibits, December 2010 cliI the Burlington magazine pp.782-793.
Rubin, Adrianne, Roger Fry’s ‘Difficult and Uncertain Science’: The Interpretation of Aesthetic Perception, Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der W, 2013.
Schnieder, Norbert, The Art of Still Life, Koln : Bendikt Taschen Verlag GmbH& Co,1990.
Spalding, Frances C.H, Doctoral thesis: The paintings of Roger Fry. Sheffield Hallam University (United Kingdom), 1997.
Spalding, Frances, British art since 1900, London: Thames and Hudson, 1986.
Spalding, Frances, Vanessa Bell: Portrait of the Bloomsbury Artist, London: George Weidenfeld and Nicholson,1979.
Stephens, Chris ed., The history of British art, 1870-now, New Haven, Conn. : Yale Center for British Art, 2008.
Sutton, Denys , Letters of Roger Fry, New York : Random House; First Edition. 1972.
Twitchell, Beverly H, Cézanne and formalism in Bloomsbury, Michigan : UMI Research Press,1987.
Woolf, Virginia, Roger Fry: A Biography, Boston: Mariner Books, 1976.

網路資料
Bloomsbury Group https://www.tate.org.uk/archivejourneys/bloomsburyhtml/timeline.htm
Catherine Dent, ‘Roger Fry: Artist & Critic Extraordinaire’ https://www.thecollector.com/roger-fry-artist-and-critic/
Deya Bhattacharyya, Manet and the Post-Impressionists: Roger Fry’s 1910 Exhibition https://www.thecollector.com/manet-and-the-post-impressionists-roger-frys-1910-exhibition/
Emily Snow , https://www.thecollector.com/still-life-paintings-what-they-mean/
Kuadors https://kuadros.com/products/bodegon-con-cafetera-roger-fry
National Portrait Gallery:https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp59849/caroline-mary-elam
Rossetti Proserpine https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/becoming-modern/victorian-art-architecture/pre-raphaelites/a/rossetti-proserpine
Still Life with Coffee Pot https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/still-life-with-coffee-pot-207167
沈語冰針對塞尚《高腳盤靜物畫》所作之模擬及後製圖https://site.douban.com/114654/widget/works/6247204/chapter/15903661/
國家教育研究院雙語詞彙 https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1681090/。
張琳,〈「這是藝術的安排」:淺談西洋藝術中的光線運用與人造光源〉(《藝術認證》97期 (2022) 8-19頁 https://www.kmfa.gov.tw/ArtAccrediting/ArtArticleDetail.aspx?Cond=76aacece-62fb-442b-9347-706b62de672e
曾肅良〈二十世紀英國現代主義藝術發展初探(1910-1970)〉https://www.suliang888.com/news/seenews1_3.php?id=9

 
 
 
 
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