近年來仿生研究的興起，對於由膠體結構所產生的結構色研究也越來越多，其中又以具有短程有序並表現出不隨角度變化非虹彩顏色的光子玻璃最受矚目。然而由於形狀因子及反向散射等影響，造成綠色及紅色的結構色表現並不佳，因此如何提升結構色的純度及飽和度即為本論文主要目標。
在本研究的第一部份中，我們透過實驗呈現了由聚苯乙烯(PS)球及聚多巴胺(PDA)球混和而成的光子玻璃其光學特性，藉由在混和系統中調整不同比例的PDA球來改善短波長峰值強度，增強結構色的表現。而在第二部分的研究中，則透過對PS-PDA混和系統的光學特性進行模擬，以LS演算法(Lubachevsky-Stillinger algorithm, LSA)生成最密球堆積模型，並將模擬與實驗結果進行比較及探討，結果顯示通過添加PDA球能有效的提高結構色表現，而對於實際的應用方面，則可透過PS-PDA混和比例的調整以及改進實驗方法等，來進一步實現更理想的結果。

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in biomimetic research, particularly in the study of structural colors produced by colloidal structures. Among them, photonic glasses that exhibit short-range order and non-iridescent colors have received significant attention. However, the performance of structural colors is not satisfactory due to some factors such as form factor and backscattering. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to improve the purity and saturation of structural colors.

In the first part of this research, we experimentally characterized the optical properties of photonic glasses based on the combination of polystyrene(PS) spheres and polydopamine(PDA) spheres. Different ratios PDA spheres were mixed in the blending systems to investigate the enhancement of structural colors by adjusting the intensity of the short-wavelength peak. In the second part of the study, we numerically simulated the optical properties of the PS-PDA blending systems. The closed-packing spheres were generated by the Lubachevsky-Stillinger algorithm (LSA). The simulation results were compared with the experimental measurements and their discrepancies were discussed. Our results show that by the addition of PDA spheres, the performance of structural color can be improved. Further performance enhancement may be obtained by the optimization of the mixing ratios in PS-PDA blending systems and the improvement of the experiments for practical realization.

誌謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 光子晶體簡介 1
1.2 晶體與非晶結構光學特性 2
1.2.1 晶體結構色光學特性 3
1.2.2 非晶體結構光學特性 5
1.3 球堆積之非晶結構 7
1.3.1 結構簡介 7
1.3.2 非晶膠體球堆積結構模擬 8
1.4 材料簡介及提高結構色方法探討 9
1.4.1 材料介紹 9
1.4.2 結構色峰值影響 12
1.5 研究動機 14
第二章 實驗方法 15
2.1 材料製備 15
2.1.1 聚多巴胺(polydopamaine, PDA)奈米球粒子製備 15
2.1.2 聚苯乙烯(polystyrene, PS)奈米球粒子製備 16
2.1.3 薄膜樣品製備 17
2.2 量測儀器 19
2.2.1 材料分析 19
2.2.2 結構分析 20
2.3 結構模擬方法 21
2.3.1 LS演算法(Lubachevsky-Stillinger algorithm, LSA) 21
2.3.2 光學分析方法 24
2.4 結構及結構色定義方法 25
2.4.1 徑向分布函數 25
2.4.1 CIE色度座標 26
2.4.2 純度&飽和度定義指標 28
第三章 短程有序膠體系統結構色特性研究 30
3.1 聚多巴胺及聚苯乙烯材料表徵 30
3.1.1 系統結構特性分析 30
3.1.2 系統光學特性分析 31
PS膠體粒子 31
PDA膠體粒子 34
3.2 SAXS小角度量測結果及特性分析 35
3.3 膠體混和系統分析 37
3.3.1 相同粒徑大小混和系統結構及光學特性分析 37
3.3.2 不同粒徑大小混和系統結構及光學特性分析 42
3.3.3 沉積厚度對系統結構及光學特性分析 45
3.4 結果討論 48
第四章 短程有序膠體系統結構色模擬分析與討論 49
4.1 SAXS小角度量測與擬和結果分析 49
4.2 模型建立與分析 51
4.2.1 最密球堆積系統模型建立 51
4.2.2 光學模擬特性與比較 55
4.3 膠體混和系統模擬結果比較 58
4.3.1 相同粒徑大小混和系統結構及光學特性模擬與比較 58
4.3.2 不同粒徑大小混和系統結構及光學特性模擬與比較 61
4.3.3 沉積厚度對系統結構及光學特性模擬與比較 64
4.4 結果討論 66
第五章 結果與未來展望 69
參考文獻 70

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