近年來，摻鈦藍寶石雷射(Ti:sapphire laser)和摻鐿鎢酸釓鉀晶體脈衝放大器(YB:KGW laser)快速發展，兩者差異為平均功率、重複率以及脈衝時寬。摻鈦藍寶石雷射擁有較寬的增益頻寬，可以提供較短時寬的脈衝，但是其平均功率與重複率可控制的範圍有限;而摻鐿鎢酸釓鉀晶體脈衝放大器，因其晶體的特性，可以使得電子在高能階時，存活時間較長，以及激發電子至高能階為連續波雷射(半導體泵浦固體雷射)，能夠持續激發電子至高能階，故其擁有更高的平均功率，同時也擁有較高自由度的重複率調變，但是其缺點為晶體增益頻寬窄，無法提供較短時寬的脈衝。基於上述兩點比較，若將摻鐿鎢酸釓鉀晶體脈衝放大器窄頻寬的問題解決，可以同時得到兩台雷射本身的優勢，所以，以頻譜擴展的方式能夠有效的將時間脈衝壓縮。
本論文探討的內容為使用摻鐿鎢酸釓鉀晶體脈衝放大器經過倍頻晶體後產生的可見光，將此光源利用二次頻譜擴展的方式從 123.9 飛秒壓縮到 12.7 飛秒，將峰值功率從 4.6 十億瓦提升至 22.2 十億瓦以及觀察下一級轉換極限脈衝寬為 6 飛秒的結果，同時量測每一次頻譜擴展後的頻譜、雷射光束品質(M2)、空間頻譜均勻性、時間上的脈衝形狀以及長期穩定性。

In recent years, Ti: sapphire laser and YB: KGW laser have developed rapidly. The difference between the two lasers is the average power, the repetition rate, and the pulse duration. Ti: sapphire laser has a wide gain bandwidth and can provide short pulse duration. However, the range of controllable average power and repetition rate is limited. The YB: KGW laser, because of the characteristics of the crystal, can make the electrons longer lifetimes at high energy levels. And the continuous wave laser (semiconductor-pumped solid-state laser) can continuously excite electrons to high energy levels, so it has a higher average power. It also has a higher degree of controllable repetition rate modulation, but its disadvantage is that the crystal gain has a narrow bandwidth and cannot provide a short pulse duration. Based on the comparison of the above two points, if the problem of the narrow bandwidth of the YB: KGW laser is solved, the advantages of the two lasers can be obtained at the same time. Therefore, the pulse can be effectively compressed by spectral broadening.
The content discussed in this thesis is the use of the visible light generated by the YB: KGW laser after passing through the frequency-doubling crystal. Compressing this light source from 123.9 femtoseconds to 12.7 femtoseconds using twice spectral broadening, and increases peak power from 4.6 gigawatts to 22.2 gigawatts, and observe the result that the next-level transform-limited pulse duration is 6 femtoseconds, and measure the spectrum, laser beam quality (M2), spatial-spectral homogeneity, pulse shape in time-domain and long-term stability after each spectral broadening.

摘要-----------------------------------------------I
Abstract------------------------------------------II
致謝----------------------------------------------III
圖表目錄-------------------------------------------VI
第一章 原理-------------------------------------1
1.1 實驗動機---------------------------------------3
1.2 展頻原理與自聚焦--------------------------------4
1.3 串聯聚焦展頻與壓縮方法---------------------------8
第二章 實驗架構與量測架構------------------------10
2.1 串聯聚焦展頻與壓縮實驗架構-----------------------12
2.2 偏振選通頻域分辨光學開關量測架構-----------------16
2.3 利用擾動的穿隧游離觀測時域電場量測架構------------19
2.4 雷射光束品質量測架構與空間頻譜均勻性量測----------22
第三章 實驗結果---------------------------------25
3.1 驅動雷射量測實驗結果----------------------------25
3.2 第一級串聯聚焦展頻與壓縮量測實驗結果--------------30
3.3 第二級串聯聚焦展頻與壓縮量測實驗結果--------------36
3.4 第三級串聯聚焦展頻量測實驗結果-------------------42
第四章 結論與未來展望---------------------------50
參考文獻-------------------------------------------52
附錄A 訂製啁啾鏡群延遲曲線--------------------------54
附錄B 真空窗戶損壞閥值------------------------------57
附錄C 偏振選通頻域分辨光學開關操作步驟---------------59
附錄D 利用擾動的穿隧游離觀測時域電場量測操作步驟------67
附錄E 第一級與第二級串聯聚焦展頻與壓縮氣壓選定方式----76
附錄F TIPTOE量測模擬 MATLAB CODE-------------------79

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