運動分析在各種體育賽事中扮演著重要角色，例如籃球。專家們提出了 多種數據指標， 如 John Hollinger 的 PER 和 Dean Oliver 的 Defense Rating， 來評估球員表現。然而，這些數據指標有時無法反映真實的進攻或防守情 況，因為球隊的策略可能影響結果。最近，隨著電腦視覺和感測器技術的 發展，運動數據變得更多樣化，並包括球員的移動軌跡等細節信息。

本研究旨在提供嵌入式視覺化方法， 以幫助球員理解籃球進攻戰術中 的” 擋拆”。我們觀察了教練和球員分析影片的工作流程，並根據深度訪談 的結果， 設計了能夠在影片中呈現的數據內容和視覺化方法。 通過實驗， 我們評估了這些嵌入式視覺化方法對球員理解” 擋拆” 戰術的影響。

總結，本研究貢獻包括：1. 探討以教練和球員為出發點的嵌入式視覺化 方法如何提升對” 擋拆” 戰術的理解，2. 提出針對” 擋拆” 片段的嵌入式視 覺化方法設計框架，3. 提供一個可彈性應用的比賽觀看系統”TacticEyes”。 希望本研究能鼓勵更多探討嵌入式視覺化方法在運動影片分析中的應用。

Sports analysis plays a crucial role in various sports, including basketball. Experts have proposed various data metrics such as John Hollinger’s PER and Dean Oliver’s Defense Rating to assess player performance. However, these data metrics sometimes fail to reflect the actual offensive or defensive situations as team strategies can influence the outcomes. Recently, with the advancement of computer vision and sensor technologies, sports data has become more diverse, including detailed information such as player movement trajectories.

This study aims to provide embedded data visualization methods to help players understand the ”pick and roll” basketball offensive tactic. We observed the workflow of coaches and players analyzing videos and based on in-depth interviews, designed data content and visualization methods that can be presented in videos. Through experiments, we assessed the impact of these embedded data visualization methods on players’ understanding of the ”pick and roll” tactic.

In summary, this study contributes to: 1. Exploring how coach and playercentered embedded data visualization methods enhance the understanding of the ”pick and roll” tactic, 2. Proposing a framework for embedded data visualization methods specific to ”pick and roll” segments, 3. Providing a flexible application for the game viewing system ”TacticEyes.” We hope this research encourages further exploration of embedded data visualization methods in sports video analysis.

摘要 i

Abstract ii

1 前言 1

2 文獻回顧 5

2.1 籃球領域之運動分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.2 針對運動分析之數據視覺化 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.3 運動影片之嵌入式視覺化方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.4 比賽觀看系統 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3 研究方法 11

3.1 研究過程 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3.2 TacticEyes 比賽觀看系統 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3.2.1 模擬器使用之數據類型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3.2.2 擋拆進攻影片之嵌入式視覺化方法設計 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.3 參與者總覽 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3.4 實驗設計 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.4.1 Pilot Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.4.2 正式實驗 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.5 數據收集與分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.5.1 Pre-study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.5.2 Pilot Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.5.3 正式實驗 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.5.4 數據分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4 實驗結果與討論 27

4.1 視覺化方法及 TacticEyes 定量分析結果 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4.1.1 參與者認為各項視覺化元素為易理解且實用的 . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4.1.2 參與者認為 TacticEyes 比賽觀看系統體驗是實用且有趣的 . . . . . 29

4.2 視覺化元素對使用者理解擋拆戰術的影響 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.2.1 參與者使用「球員進攻能力」或「球員進攻傾向」視覺化元素， 了解隊上球員的基本特性，以此提出擋拆進攻戰略上的想法。 . . 30

4.2.2 參與者使用「掩護後進攻空間」視覺化元素，了解決策時可能會 遭遇的危險，以及可能適合出手的時機。 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

iii 4.2.3 參與者使用「傳球分佈與成功率」的視覺化元素，因應對手防守 策略或站位， 了解球員可能適合傳球的選擇以及球員的傳球能 力。 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.3 TacticEyes 對於參與者提升理解擋拆進攻戰術的影響 . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.3.1 參與者於不同影片中使用多種嵌入式視覺化元素組合 . . . . . . . 32

4.3.2 參與者使用視覺化元素的策略 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4.4 針對影片分析之比賽觀看系統的設計啟示 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.4.1 視覺化方法的設計彈性對觀看體驗的重要性 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.4.2 透過適應性數據時機提升觀看體驗 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

4.4.3 視覺化方法的設計仍有待探索 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

4.4.4 比賽觀看系統應具備多重視角，以便視覺化方法的呈現 . . . . . . 37

5 結論與未來研究方向 41

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