由於微電網的通訊通道容易受到隨機噪音的影響，通訊通道上的噪音會影響到微電網的控制狀態變數準確度，為了降低雜訊所帶來的負面影響，我們必須在微電網模型中使用抗雜訊的分散式控制方法。 為了實現上述混合交直流微電網的適當功率共享以及電壓幅度和頻率恢復，我們提出了一種新穎的分佈式抗雜訊固定時間基於共識的二次控制。所提出的固定時間控制的一個主要好處是收斂時間確實獨立於初始條件，這有助於我們確保根據任務要求可以事先定義穩定時間。李亞普諾夫(Lyapunov)函數理論嚴格證明了該方法的固定時間以及附加噪音的穩定性。為了展現所提出的基於共識型二次控制器的有效性，在即時模擬系統(OPAL-RT)環境下對基於六匯流排混合交直流微電網以及改良的IEEE三十四匯流排混合交直流微電網進行了負載變化、考慮附加噪音下的通訊通道及分佈式發電機的即插即用之模擬驗證。並且探討了與其他現有分佈式控制方法的比較，以顯示本論文所提出的分佈式二次控制的優勢。

Since communication channels of microgrids are prone to stochastic noise, these noises on the communication channel will affect the accuracy of the control state variables of the microgrids. In order to reduce the negative impact of noise, we need to apply noise-resilient distributed control method in the microgrid model. A novel distributed noise-resilient fixed-time consensus-based secondary control is proposed to achieve the proper power sharing and the voltage magnitude and the frequency restoration in hybrid inverter-based AC/DC microgrids. One major benefit of the proposed fixed-time control is that the converging time is indeed independent of the initial condition, which help us to assure the settling time can be predefined according to task requirements. The fixed-time with additive noises stability of the proposed control law is rigorously proven by the Lyapunov function theory. To show the effectiveness of the proposed consensus-based secondary controller, simulation studies under real-time simulator (OPAL-RT) environments of a 6-bus hybrid inverter-based AC/DC microgrids and a modified IEEE 34-bus hybrid AC/DC microgrids are performed under scenarios such as load variations, communication channel with additive noise, and plug-and-play operations of distributed generators. Comparison studies with other existing distributed control are also investigated to show the advantage of the proposed distributed secondary control.

摘要 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II
致謝 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIII
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Problem Formulation and Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1 Notions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Finite-Time and Fixed-Time Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 Consensus Pinning Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4 Finite-Time Consensus Under Pinning Control . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5 Fixed-Time Consensus Under Pinning Control . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 Controller Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Model Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2 Distributed Noise-Resilience Fixed-Time Control . . . . . . . . 13
3.2.1 Controller Design in AC MG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2.2 Frequency Synchronization and Proper Power Sharing . . . . . 14
3.2.3 Voltage Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2.4 Controller Design in DC MG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
3.2.5 Controller Design in IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.3 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Case 1 : 6-Bus Hybrid AC/DC MGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.1 Case 1.1 : Proposed Method Verification . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.1.1.1 MATLAB Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1.1.2 OPAL-RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1.2 Case 1.2 : Different Communication Network . . . . . . . . . .30
4.1.2.1 MATLAB Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.1.2.2 OPAL-RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.1.3 Case 1.3 : Change of Additive Noise Intensity . . . . . . . . 43
4.1.3.1 MATLAB Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.1.3.2 OPAL-RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.2 Case 2: Modified IEEE 34-Bus Hybrid AC/DC MGs . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2.1 Case 2.1 : Proposed Method Verification . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2.1.1 MATLAB Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.2.1.2 OPAL-RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.3 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
5 Conclusion and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
5.1 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
5.2 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
REFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

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