類風濕性關節炎是一種慢性自體免疫疾病，會引起滑膜關節炎症、骨質破壞和變形。其主要原因之一是炎症細胞如M1型巨噬細胞的浸潤。此外，滑膜關節中活性氧化物質的不斷積累也加劇了類風濕性關節炎的病程進展和嚴重程度。因此，消除M1型巨噬細胞或誘導細胞向M2型極化的策略，可用於類風濕性關節炎治療。兒茶素能清除自由基，降低體內發炎物質產生，有助於減緩類風濕性關節炎症狀。為增加溶解度從而提升身體利用率，本研究通過在210 °C 下煅燒兒茶素並在鹼性條件下聚合1小時，開發了一種碳化聚兒茶素(c-pCh)奈米粒子，並用於類風濕性關節炎治療。相較於兒茶素分子，碳化後的c-pCh具有良好的光熱轉換特性，能用於光熱治療促進炎症細胞的壞死或凋亡。c-pCh同時保留了前驅物的抗氧化能力，可降低促炎細胞因子的表達量，誘導巨噬細胞M2型極化。綜上所述，本研究開發 c-pCh奈米粒子作為一種多合一的奈米治療劑，能介導光熱合併抗發炎作用，未來若有機會應用在類風濕性關節炎的模型上，可針對發炎關節腔進行治療，在類風濕性關節炎治療應用上極具發展潛力。

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes synovial joint inflammation, bone destruction and deformation. One of the main reasons for this is the infiltration of inflammatory cells such as M1 macrophages. In addition, the continuous accumulation of reactive oxidative species in synovial joints also exacerbates the progression and severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, strategies to eliminate M1-type macrophages or induce polarization to M2-type can be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Catechin can scavenge free radicals, reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines, and help slow down the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. In order to increase the solubility and thus enhance the body utilization, this study developed a carbonized polycatechin (c-pCh) nanoparticles by calcining catechins at 210 °C and polymerizing them under alkaline conditions for 1 hour, and used in Rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Compared with catechin, carbonized c-pCh has good photothermal conversion properties, and can be used for photothermal therapy to promote necrosis or apoptosis of inflammatory cells. At the same time, c-pCh retains the antioxidant ability of the precursor, can reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In summary, this study developed c-pCh nanoparticles as an all-in-one nanotherapeutic agent that can mediate photothermal and anti-inflammatory effects. Targeting the treatment of inflamed joint cavity has great development potential in the application of rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

摘要 I
Abstract II
圖目錄 VII
第一章 研究動機 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 類風濕性關節炎之概況 4
2.2 類風濕性關節炎之成因 5
2.2.1 類風濕性關節炎與巨噬細胞之關聯 5
2.2.2 類風濕性關節炎與活性氧物質之關聯 7
2.3 類風濕性關節炎之治療 8
2.3.1 治療類風濕性關節炎之常規藥物 8
2.3.2 光熱療法應用於治療類風濕性關節炎 11
2.3.3 新興奈米藥物應用於類風濕性關節炎 14
2.3.4 多酚與類黃酮的抗炎作用 18
第三章 材料與方法 24
3.1 實驗藥品 24
3.2 實驗儀器 26
3.3 材料合成 27
3.3.1 製備Ch 27
3.3.2 製備pCh 27
3.3.3 製備c-pCh 27
3.4 材料基本鑑定 28
3.4.1 吸收光譜分析 28
3.4.2 螢光光譜分析 28
3.4.3 粒徑分析 28
3.4.4 元素分析 28
3.4.5 官能基團鑑定 29
3.4.6 拉曼光譜分析碳化結構 29
3.4.7 抗氧化能力測試 29
3.4.8 光熱特性測試 29
3.5 體外細胞實驗 30
3.5.1 細胞株及培養環境 30
3.5.2 細胞培養液配製與磷酸鹽緩衝溶液 30
3.5.3 細胞繼代 31
3.5.4 細胞計數 31
3.5.5 細胞毒性分析 32
3.5.6 細胞對奈米粒子吞噬情形分析 32
3.5.7 細胞中奈米粒子抗氧化能力分析 33
3.5.8 細胞因子分泌量分析 33
第四章 結果與討論 34
4.1 pCh和c-pCh基本鑑定 34
4.1.1 吸收光譜分析 34
4.1.2 螢光光譜分析 36
4.1.3 粒徑分析 37
4.1.4 元素分析 40
4.1.5 官能基團分析 41
4.1.6 拉曼光譜分析碳化結構 42
4.1.7 抗氧化能力測試 43
4.1.8 c-pCh的光熱升溫效果測試 44
4.2 細胞實驗 45
4.2.1 c-pCh與NIR對RAW 264.7細胞存活率之影響 45
4.2.2 細胞對奈米粒子吞噬情形分析 46
4.2.3 c-pCh於細胞中清除ROS的能力分析 47
4.2.4 細胞因子分泌量分析 49
第五章 結論 51
參考文獻 52

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