在品質管理中，驗收抽樣計畫經常被用來了解產品的品質優劣，並進一步決
定是否要允收貨批。選別型抽樣計畫（rectifying inspection plan）除了提供判決結果外，可進一步剔除不良品，並提供具體的平均出廠品質界限（Average
Outgoing Quality Limit, AOQL），確保允收貨批的最低品質水準，此一特性可避免接下來的製程使用到劣質物料或不良半成品，給予消費者較高保障。除此之外，目前製程不良率已低至百萬分率（Parts Per Million, PPM）等級，需要抽取大量樣本才能抽得不良品並進行有效判決，因此本研究以能夠衡量低不良率產出品水準且與良率可一對一轉換的製程良率指標Spk作為評估工具，並搭配單次抽樣
（Single Sampling Plan, SSP）及重複群集抽樣（Repetitive Group Sampling, RGS）發展計量值選別單次抽樣計畫（Variables Rectifying inspection plan with Single Sampling, VRSS）與計量值選別重複群集抽樣計畫（Variables Rectifying inspection plan with Repetitive Group Sampling, VRRGS），以最小化平均總檢驗數作為模型 目標式、滿足操作特性曲線之兩點式條件作為限制式，並提供幾個貨批總量、百萬中不良品個數與風險組合下所對應的計畫參數表以利使用者應用。為了衡量本研究發展之抽樣計畫之績效，利用操作特性曲線、平均出廠品質及平均總檢驗數作為評估工具進行分析。最後建構圖形化之使用者介面搭配實際案例，具體呈現兩計畫之操作方式。

Acceptance sampling plan is widely used to decide whether the lot should be accepted or not. The rectifying inspection plan not only ensures the expected lot meets the required quality level but discards defective products to enhance the quality. In addition, it provides users with a specific average outgoing quality limit (AOQL), so users can know the poorest overall average quality level of accepted lots. For manufacturing process which is complicated or contains a lot of materials and parts, rectifying inspection plan helps users to avoid utilizing defective semi-finished products in the following processes. The process yield index Spk is used in this article since it can provide an exact measure of process yield even the defect rate of the process is extreme low. Therefore, this thesis proposed two rectifying inspection plans which combined with the concept of Single Sampling and Repetitive Group Sampling (RGS), namely Variables Rectifying inspection plan with Single Sampling (VRSS) and Variables Rectifying inspection plan with Repetitive Group Sampling (VRRGS). An optimization model is constructed for determining plan parameters by minimizing Average Total Inspection (ATI) and satisfying the producer's and consumer's risks at the acceptable levels. In addition, the operating procedures and tables of plan parameters are presented. The graphical user interface is developed for users to apply the proposed plans in their practical applications easily.

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧與探討 6
2.1 製程能力指標發展簡介 6
2.2 製程良率指標 7
2.2.1 製程良率指標 估計式與近似分配 9
2.3 驗收抽樣計畫 11
2.3.1 驗收抽樣計畫之分類與發展 12
2.3.2 驗收抽樣計畫之績效評估 15
2.4 選別型驗收抽樣計畫概念與績效評估 18
2.4.1 選別型驗收抽樣計畫之概念 18
2.4.2 選別型驗收抽樣計畫之績效評估 19
第三章 基於製程良率指標之選別型單次抽樣計畫 22
3.1 計畫操作流程 23
3.2 計畫之允收機率函數與數學模型 25
3.3 計畫之求解環境設定 27
3.4 求解結果分析與討論 30
3.4.1 計畫求解結果 31
3.4.2 計畫績效衡量 44
第四章 基於製程良率指標之選別型重複群集抽樣計畫 49
4.1 計畫操作流程 50
4.2 計畫之允收機率函數與數學模型 53
4.3 計畫之求解環境設定 55
4.4 求解結果分析與討論 58
4.4.1 計畫求解結果 58
4.4.2 計畫績效衡量 74
第五章 圖形化使用者介面與案例分析 81
5.1 案例說明 81
5.2 介面之應用與操作說明 82
5.2.1 選用選別型單次抽樣計畫 85
5.2.2 選用選別型重複群集抽樣計畫 87
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 91
6.1 結論 91
6.2 未來研究方向 92
第七章 參考文獻 93

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