近年來，由於世界人口持續的增加，不管是家庭、畜牧或是工業用水，每天都會排放相當驚人的廢水量。假如這些廢水沒有經過適當的處理將會對人類的健康造成相當大的危害。在這個論文當中，我們合成出了一個碳氮摻雜的硼酸鐵材料。其特性為可吸收可見光、無毒、製程簡單，且作為光芬頓催化劑只需要少量的雙氧水濃度就可以擁有極高效率的表現。在短短的15分鐘內，10 ppm的亞甲基藍溶液就被完全降解。與傳統的光芬頓催化劑，雙氧水與未摻雜的硼酸鐵做比較，分別高出了10倍、77倍與26倍的效率。此外，碳氮摻雜硼酸鐵在未照光的情況下，在20分鐘內就可以將 75% 的亞甲基藍溶液降解。其高效率的表現有潛力應用於光照時間較短的國家或是光照較不足的汙水環境之中。摻雜的效益不僅能使此材料更有效率地吸收太陽光，且因為摻雜原子與材料本身電負度的差異而能有更多的帶電位點，三價鐵離子也因此可以更容易地捕獲電子以克服芬頓反應中的速率決定步驟。此篇論文會有大章篇幅對此碳氮摻雜的硼酸鐵材料做深入研究與分析，我們期許此新穎的材料能夠具有高效能且能運用在未來實際的環境修復領域。

In this master thesis, the goal is to develop an efficient catalyst for the photo-Fenton system. Herein, the synthesis and novel application of C, N-doped iron borates are demonstrated as single-component heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts with high Fenton activity under visible light. Under the optimal conditions, 10 mg of the catalyst is shown to completely degrade 10 ppm methylene blue (MB) dye under simulated solar irradiation with a first-order rate constant of k = 0.218 min–1. Moreover, the C, N-doped iron borate exhibits 10- and 26-fold increases in catalytic activity relative to that of the 50 nm hematite nanoparticles and that of the non-doped iron borate, respectively, in the presence of H2O2 under the simulated solar irradiation. In addition, the as-prepared C, N-doped iron borate achieves 75% MB degradation after 20 min in the dark, thus enabling the continuous degradation of pollutants at night and in areas with poor light exposure. The high Fenton activity of the C, N-doped iron borate is considered to be due to the synergistic action between the negatively-charged borate ligands and the metal center in promoting the Fenton reaction. Moreover, carbon and nitrogen doping are critical in modifying the electronic structure and increasing the conductivity of the catalyst. Because of its synthetic simplicity, low cost of reagents, the as-prepared heterogeneous single-component metal borate catalyst has potential application in the industrial treatment of wastewater.

Abstract--------------------------------------------------------2
Acknowledgment--------------------------------------------------3
Chapter 1 Introduction------------------------------------------8
1.1 Executive summary-------------------------------------------8
Chapter 2 Literature Review------------------------------------10
2.1 Materials for semiconductor photocatalyst (SCP)------------10
2.2 Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)------------------------14
2.3 Fenton reaction--------------------------------------------16
2.4 Iron borate------------------------------------------------26
2.5 Doping-----------------------------------------------------27
Chapter 3 Preparation and Design of Experiments----------------30
3.1 Preparation of the BCNO NS@Fe3O4---------------------------31
3.2 Preparation of the C, N-doped iron borate------------------32
3.3 Characterization-------------------------------------------34
3.4 Photocatalytic degradation experiment----------------------35
3.5 Active species analysis------------------------------------36
3.6 Recyclability experiment-----------------------------------37
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion-------------------------------38
4.1 BCNO NS@Fe3O4 characterization and photocatalytic activity-41
4.2 The characterization of C, N-doped FeBO3-------------------45
4.3 The photocatalytic activity of C, N-doped FeBO3------------53
4.4 Proposed mechanism of C, N-doped FeBO3---------------------66
Chapter 5 Conclusion-------------------------------------------69
Chapter 6 Prospective------------------------------------------71
Reference -----------------------------------------------------76

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