近年來，由於環境檢測與提早診斷人體疾病的需求，二氧化碳感測器逐漸受到重視，因此設計出可在室溫下使用，同時具有低成本、製備快速等優點的二氧化碳感測器成為目前感測領域的研究重點。以碳材料為基底結合高分子進行改質的感測材料被廣泛應用於電阻式氣體感測器，過去的研究發現，此類型的感測器具有良好的靈敏度與可重複性。
本研究透過酸處理將多壁奈米碳管進行改質，接著以化學氧化聚合法使聚吡咯高分子聚合於奈米碳管之上，透過調整奈米碳管與吡咯單體的比例以控制聚合形貌，得到聚吡咯包覆奈米碳管的結構。奈米碳管的管狀結構可提升聚吡咯與氣體接觸的表面積，進而提升二氧化碳感測器之響應程度。本研究採用的製程耗時短，而聚吡咯高分子可於室溫下合成，使得設備成本大幅下降，提升大量製備的可行性。
本研究製備的電極在5%二氧化碳與相對濕度10%的室溫環境下具有平均4.9%的響應，響應時間為325秒，並且隨著二氧化碳濃度增加呈現正相關，且能夠分辨不同濃度的二氧化碳。另外，多天重複性測試中有相當好的穩定度，人體呼氣感測的結果也顯示，在高濕度的人體呼氣下能有穩定的感測結果，因此本研究所製備的電極深具商售價值，具有應用於檢測人體呼氣二氧化碳的潛力。

Recently, studies on the carbon dioxide (CO2) gas sensors gain intensive interest to the scientists due to the demand of environmental monitoring as well as early diagnosis of respiration diseases. It is imperative to develop CO2 gas sensors operated under room temperature with low cost and easy processing. Carbon-based materials combined with polymers have been widely used in the field of resistive gas sensors showing excellent sensitivity and repeatability. In this study, chemical oxidation polymerization process is conducted to synthesize polypyrrole (PPy) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). By adjusting the proportion of CNTs and pyrrole monomer, we can obtain the structure of CNTs coated with PPy. The tubular structure of CNTs enhances the contact surface area for CO2 and PPy, increasing the sensitivity of CO2 gas sensors. Furthermore, the fabrication process is uncomplicated and PPy can be synthesized under room temperature. As for the sensing performance, the as-fabricated sensor exhibits the average response of 4.9% and fast response time of 325 s for 5% CO2 under 10% relative humidity and room temperature. Besides, the sensor shows excellent performance in long term repeatability test and has stable response in human breath test. In summary, the CO2 gas sensor in this work can be applied in human breath detection.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 慢性肺阻塞病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) 3
2.1.1 慢性肺阻塞病之病理特徵 3
2.1.2 慢性肺阻塞病之檢測及其困難 5
2.1.3 人體呼氣檢測介紹 6
2.2 奈米碳管簡介 9
2.2.1 奈米碳管之特性及結構 10
2.2.2 奈米碳管之改質 13
2.3 聚吡咯高分子簡介 14
2.3.1 聚吡咯之基本物理性質及應用 14
2.3.2 聚吡咯之製備方法 15
2.4 氣體感測器 18
2.4.1 奈米碳管感測器 20
2.4.2 奈米碳管感測器之改質 21
2.5 本實驗室過去於氣體感測的回顧 26
第三章 實驗方法與分析 28
3.1 實驗藥品 28
3.2 實驗製程設備與分析儀器 30
3.2.1 實驗製程設備 30
3.2.1.1 超音波震盪器 30
3.2.1.2 高速超音波震盪棒 30
3.2.1.3 電磁攪拌加熱器 31
3.2.1.4 噴塗槍 31
3.2.2 材料分析儀器 32
3.2.2.1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 32
3.2.2.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡 32
3.2.2.3 比表面積分析儀 33
3.2.2.4 拉曼光譜儀 34
3.2.2.5 傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀 34
3.2.2.6 X光繞射分析儀 35
3.2.2.7 X射線光電子能譜儀 35
3.3 實驗製備流程 36
3.3.1 網版印刷電極 36
3.3.2 多壁奈米碳管之酸處理 36
3.3.3 聚吡咯/多壁奈米碳管複合材料之製備 37
3.3.4 感測電極之製備 38
3.3.4.1 酸處理奈米碳管於感測電極之製備 39
3.3.4.2 聚吡咯/多壁奈米碳管複合材料於感測電極之製備 39
3.4 氣體感測之量測基準 41
3.4.1 響應(Response) 41
3.4.2 響應時間(Response Time)及回復時間(Recovery Time) 41
3.5 氣體感測系統 42
3.5.1 氣體感測系統的架構 42
3.5.2 二氧化碳濃度計算 42
3.5.3 模擬室溫下大氣中二氧化碳濃度感測之操作流程 43
3.6 呼氣感測系統 44
3.6.1 濕度感測系統的架構與操作流程 44
3.6.2 人體呼氣感測系統的架構與操作流程 45
第四章 結果與討論 46
4.1 Oxidized CNT之結構與成分分析 46
4.1.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡之形貌分析 46
4.1.2 X光繞射光譜分析 49
4.1.3 拉曼光譜儀鍵結分析 50
4.1.4 穿透式電子顯微鏡分析 52
4.2 CNT-PPy之結構與成分分析 54
4.2.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡之形貌分析 54
4.2.2 比表面積分析 55
4.2.3 傅立葉轉換紅外光譜分析 58
4.2.4 拉曼光譜儀鍵結分析 59
4.2.5 X光繞射光譜分析 62
4.2.6 X射線電子能譜儀分析 62
4.3 室溫環境下之二氧化碳氣體感測 66
4.3.1 不同CNT-PPy比例之影響分析 66
4.3.2 噴塗參數之影響分析 70
4.3.3 CNT-PPy於溶劑內分散時間之影響分析 71
4.3.4 複合材料之感測分析 73
4.3.5 不同CO2濃度下之感測分析 74
4.3.6 相同CO2濃度下之循環感測分析 76
4.3.7 感測電極長時間穩定性分析 77
4.4 CNT-PPy於二氧化碳氣體感測感測提升之可能機制 80
4.5 呼氣感測 83
4.5.1 模擬人體呼氣濕度之感測結果 83
4.5.2 實際人體呼氣之感測結果 84
第五章 結論 85
參考文獻 86

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