過去嬰兒哭聲的研究主要在特定的情境下進行（例如，在醫院注射疫苗時），本研究探討嬰兒在日常生活情境的哭泣原因、頻率與持續時間，並分析嬰兒在氣質量表上各向度特徵與日常生活哭泣行為的關係。本研究以新竹市一所私立托嬰中心為研究場域，共有7位4-8個月的健康嬰兒 (男生4人；女生3人)，在家長填寫研究知情同意書後全程參與本研究9天的日常托育影片紀錄。本研究以家長填寫之嬰兒氣質量表分析嬰兒的九大氣質特徵，首先與電機系合作將每天托嬰中心之日常托育影片，以AI技術抽取嬰兒哭聲的影像片段，再使用NOVA行為觀察軟體將嬰兒哭泣行為依據操作型定義進行哭聲原因標記，並嚴格控制觀察者間的信度。本研究分析發現4-8個月嬰兒日常生活哭泣頻率較高的原因是需要關愛、睡不好與想睡覺；哭泣持續時間較長的原因是吃不下/不想吃、不想睡及想睡覺。而相關分析的結果顯示，氣質向度之「活動量」較高、「適應性」較差的嬰兒，每日因肚子餓或想睡覺哭的頻率較高、持續時間較長；氣質向度之「堅持度」較高的嬰兒，每日因生氣而哭的頻率較高。迴歸分析結果進一步顯示，氣質向度的活動量、適應性、情緒本質、注意力分散度能預測嬰兒日常哭泣的頻率；活動量、適應性能預測嬰兒日常哭泣的持續時間。最後，本研究針對結果做綜合討論，並對未來研究及托嬰中心保育人員提供具體建議。

In the past, the research for infant crying was conducted in specific environments (e.g. getting an injection in the hospital). This study focused on the relationships between temperaments and the daily crying of infants. We investigated the reasons, frequency, and duration of infant daily cryings in an infant care center in Hsinchu City. Seven healthy infants (4 boys and 3 girls) after their parents signed the agreement participated 9 days records in this study. First, this study cooperated with the Department of Electrical Engineering to record video clips of daily events from the infant care center and to utilize AI technology to extract the clips of infant cryings. Then, this study used NOVA software to mark the crying behaviors of infants. The results of Pearson correlation analysis were indicated that infants with temperament characters of higher activity levels or low adaptability tend to have more daily crying duration and a higher frequency, due to hungry or want to sleep. Infants with temperament characters of higher perseverance tend to have higher crying frequency due to angry. The regression analysis further showed that the activity level, adaptability, quality of mood, and distractibility of infant temperaments significantly predicted the frequency of infant daily crying, and activity level and adaptability of infant temperaments significantly predicted the infant daily crying duration. Finally, this study discussed the results and provided specific recommendations for future research and baby care.

目 錄 III
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 v
第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與動機 1
第二節　研究目的與問題 3
第三節　名詞解釋 4
第二章　文獻探討 5
第一節 嬰兒的氣質 5
第二節 嬰兒的哭泣行為 18
第三節 嬰兒的行為觀察研究 30
第三章 研究方法 32
第一節 研究對象 32
第二節 研究工具 32
第三節 研究步驟與研究流程 38
第四節 資料處理 40
第四章 研究結果與討論 41
第一節 描述性統計 41
第二節 變項間相關分析 49
第三節 變項間之迴歸分析 53
第五章 綜合討論與建議 54
第一節 綜合討論 54
第二節 結論與建議 58
參考文獻 60
中文文獻 60
英文文獻 63
附錄一：個別嬰兒每天不同哭泣事件出現的次數(頻率)資料 70
附錄二：個別嬰兒每天不同哭泣事件出現的持續時間資料 79

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