本研究不同於一般學者從經濟學模型、國家政策、技術微型（摩爾定律）等角度討論半導體產業的發展。我們以知識流的觀點來探討產業背後的技術發展。這些知識流是從基礎技術研究、技術推向商業化、商業化後又推動新的一輪基礎研究產生等以上一連串的的過程所產生的。我們將通過量化的主要路徑方法來找出半導體產業背後的知識流，並且藉由中心性分析來探索每個組織在技術發展中所扮演的角色。最後我們將通過質化的個案研究討論我們量化研究的分析結果。這樣的混合方法研究可以使我們更全面地了解產業技術發展、各組織的角色及重要性。最後我們將討論管理含義以及未來研究的建議。

This paper is different from the general scholars discussing the semiconductor industry from the perspective of economic models, national policies, technology miniaturization (Moore’s Law), etc. We explored the industry depend on knowledge flow which emerge form a series of procession that basic research of technology to the commercialization of technology promoting new technology research. We will use main path method to find out the knowledge flow behind the industry and the explore the role of each organization by centrality analysis. Finally, we will discuss our analysis results with case study. The mixed method research can give us insight into the industry more comprehensive. Finally, we will discuss the management implication.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝詞 III
List of Contents IV
List of Figure VI
List of Table VII
1. Introduction 1
2. Theoretical Background 5
2.1 Development of the Semiconductor Industry 5
2.2 Key Semiconductor Technology 6
3. Research Design 9
3.1 Method: Main Path Analysis 9
3.1.1 Citation network 10
3.1.2 SPLC (search path link count) 11
3.1.3 Key-route main path 12
3.2 Data Collection 14
4. Analysis 17
4.1 Seek the main organization and topic of the main path 17
4.2 Organization Cross-Citation 26
4.3 Case Study 32
5. Conclusion 39
5.1 Research Finding 39
5.2 Implications for Theory and Policy 41
5.3 Limitations and Future Studies 42
References 44

References
Andersen, B. 1999. The hunt for S-shaped growth paths in technological innovation: A patent study. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 9(4): 487-526
Aizcorbe, A., 2005. Moore's law, competition, and Intel's productivity in the mid-1990s. American Economic Review, 2005.
Batagelj, V. 2003. Efficient algorithms for citation network analysis. University of Ljubljana, Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics, Department of Theoretical Computer Science.
Barberá-Tomás, D., Jiménez-Sáez, F., & Castelló-Molina, I. 2011. Mapping the importance of the real world: The validity of connectivity analysis of patent citations networks. Research Policy, 40(3): 473-486.
Bekkers, R., & Martinelli, A. 2012. Knowledge positions in high-tech markets: Trajectories, standards, strategies and true innovators. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 79(7): 1192-1216.
Braun, E., MacDonald, S. 1982. Revolution in miniature: The history and impact of semiconductor electronics. Cambridge University Press
Bhupatiraju, S., Nomaler, Ö., Triulzi, G., & Verspagen, B. 2012. Knowledge flows - Analyzing the core literature of innovation, entrepreneurship and science and technology studies. Research Policy, 41(7): 1205-1218.
Baker, R.J.,2019. CMOS: circuit design, layout, and simulation. John Wiley & Sons.
Christensen, C. M. 1997. The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Cho, D.-S., Kim,D.-J. & Rhee, D.K., 1998. Latecomer Strategies: Evidence from the Semiconductor Industry in Japan and Korea. Organization Science, 9(4): 437-534.
Chen, K., Zhang, Y., & Fu, X. 2019. International research collaboration: An emerging domain of innovation studies? Research Policy, 48(1): 149-168.
Dosi, G. 1984. Technical change and industrial transformation: the theory and an application to the semiconductor industry. Springer.
Dahlander, L., Gann, D., M. 2010. How open is innovation? Research Policy,39(6):699-709.
Epicoco, M. 2013. Knowledge patterns and sources of leadership: Mapping the semiconductor miniaturization trajectory. Research Policy, 42(1): 180-195.
Fontana, R., Nuvolari, A., & Verspagen, B. 2009. Mapping technological trajectories as patent citation networks. An application to data communication standards. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 18(4): 311-336.
Hummon, N., & Doreian, P. 1989. Connectivity in a citation network: The development of DNA theory. Social Networks, 11(1): 39-63.
Hung, S.-C., Liu, J. S., Lu, L. Y. Y., & Tseng, Y.-C. 2014. Technological change in lithium iron phosphate battery: The key-route main path analysis. Scientometrics, 100(1): 97-120.
Hwang, S., & Shin, J. 2019. Extending technological trajectories to latest technological changes by overcoming time lags. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, forthcoming.
Jiang, L., Tan, J., Thursby, M. 2011. Incumbent firm invention in emerging fields: evidence from the semiconductor industry. Strategic Management Journal, 32(1): 55-75.
Kim, J., & Shin, J. 2018. Mapping extended technological trajectories: Integration of main path, derivative paths, and technology junctures. Scientometrics, 116(3): 1439-1459.
Liu, J. S., & Lu, L. Y. Y. 2012. An integrated approach for the main path analysis: The development of the Hirsch index as an example. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 63(3): 528-542
Lathabai, H.H., George, S., Prabhakaran, T., Changat, M. 2018. An integrated approach to path analysis for weighted citation networks. Scientometrics,117(1): 1871–1904.
Liu, J. S., Lu, L. Y. Y., & Ho, M. H.-C. 2019. A few notes on main path analysis. Scientometrics, 119(1): 379-391.
Martinelli, A. 2012. An emerging paradigm or just another trajectory? Understanding the nature of technological changes using engineering heuristics in the telecommunications switching industry. Research Policy, 41(2): 414-429.
Mathews, J., & Cho, D. 1998. Tiger Chips: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, 1975-2000. Cambridge University Press.
McCray, W., 2007. MBE deserves a place in the history books. Nature Nanotechnology 2:259–261
Mina, A., Ramlogan, R., Tampubolon, G., & Metcalfe, J. S. 2007. Mapping evolutionary trajectories: Applications to the growth and transformation of medical knowledge. Research Policy, 36(5): 789-806.
Martinelli, A. 2012. An emerging paradigm or just another trajectory? Understanding the nature of technological changes using engineering heuristics in the telecommunications switching industry. Research Policy, 41(2): 414-429.
Pierce, JR. 1998. The naming of the transistor. Proceedings of the IEE, 86(1): 37-45
Reid,TR. 2001. The chip: How two Americans invented the microchip and launched a revolution. Random House Incorporated
Schwierz, F., Wong, H. & Lious, J., J. 2010. Nanometer CMOS. Pan Stanford Publishing.
Schoenmakers, W., & Duysters, G. 2010. The technological origins of radical inventions. Research Policy, 39(8): 1051-1059.
Tilton, JE. 1971.International diffusion of technology: The case of semiconductors. Brookings Institution Press.
von Wartburg, I., Teichert, T., & Rost, K. 2005. Inventive progress measured by multi-stage patent citation analysis. Research Policy, 34(10): 1591-1607.
Verspagen, B. 2007. Mapping technological trajectories as patent citation networks: A study on the history of fuel cell research. Advances in Complex Systems, 10(1): 93-115.
Yan, J., Tseng,F.-M.,& Lu,L.,Y.,Y. 2018. Developmental trajectories of new energy vehicle research in economic management: Main path analysis. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 137:168-181.