對話訊息、夥伴合作和目標設定等行為改變方法配合上現代人隨身攜帶的手機已被證實可有效增加久坐上班族的運動動機，然而雖透過手機應用程式介入，這些應用程式卻沒有太多幫助合作雙方溝通的功能，導致使用者們仍偏好受地理與時間限制但較為直接的面對面交流方式，也因為沒有良好溝通功能輔助使得線上討論效能不彰，進而影響了整體運動的表現。因此，為了增加坐上班族的遠端合作運動的效率與意願，本研究開發一具有社會支持功能的聊天機器人的手機應用程式，讓實驗參與者連續三週以兩人為一組的方式合作累積走路步數、促進運動，並欲探討 (1) 在應用程式中加入互動功能是否可改善線上合作的效率；(2) 特定的對話內容是否可成功增加久坐上班族的走路步數；(3) 針對步數退步或互動不良之組別，以具有社會支持的聊天機器人介入是否可成功促進其達成自訂的每日走路目標。實驗最終招募122人、共61組使用iPhone 6以上的久坐上班族，分為33組由兩個相互認識的人組成的夥伴組，以及28組由兩個不認識的人組成的陌生組。根據其實驗期間的量化和質性數據分析發現，使用這樣的互動機制可以顯著增加久坐上班族的走路步數，且聊天機器人的介入確實可以顯著增加表現不良組別之走路步數。不僅如此，陌生組在實驗結束後仍有維持走路習慣，運動動機的內在動機亦有顯著增加。本研究結果可提供未來社會支持與健康促進聊天機器人的開發作為參考。

Partnership, text messages, and goal-setting with mobile phones interventions have been proven to effectively increase physical activities for sedentary office workers. However, the lack of communication in application intervention makes the users still prefer face-to-face cooperation, though this kind of cooperation may reduce the effectiveness of exercising due to geographic limitation or time restriction. Therefore, to enhance the efficiency and willingness of the remote cooperative physical activities of office workers, this research developed a mobile application with a social supportive chatbot to allow dyads to track and accumulate steps walked together for three weeks. The aims of this research are to understand: (1) whether communication function in a physical activity promotion application can improve the effectiveness of online cooperation; (2) whether conversation can increase daily steps, and (3) whether a social supportive chatbot can help dyads whose performance are unsatisfied to increase their steps. The experiment recruited 61 dyads of sedentary office workers who use iPhone. 33 dyads who have positive pre-existing relationships are defined as “friend group”, and 28 dyads who do not have pre-existing relationships are defined as “stranger group”. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis showed that the chatbot can significantly increase their steps. The results of this research would be beneficial for the development of social supportive chatbot in the future.

中文摘要 ………………1
Abstract ………………2
目錄 ……………… 3
第一章、緒論 ………………7
1.1 研究動機與背景 ………………7
1.2 研究目的 ………………9
1.3 研究範圍與限制 ………………10
1.4 研究流程 ………………11
第二章、 文獻回顧 ………………13
2.1 台灣上班族運動與健康 ………………13
2.1.1 上班族運動現況與運動不足的健康風險 ………………13
2.1.2 久坐上班族之運動阻礙 ………………14
2.1.3 養成走路習慣之身心靈益處 ………………15
2.2 社會支持與自我效能 ………………16
2.2.1 社會支持與夥伴合作 ………………16
2.2.2 目標設定與自我效能 ………………18
2.2.3 對話訊息促進身體活動 ………………19
2.3 聊天機器人之發展回顧 ………………20
2.3.1 聊天機器人應用 ………………21
2.3.2 聊天機器人設計 ………………22
2.4 身體活動量評估問卷 ………………23
2.4.1 國際身體活動量問卷(IPAQ) ………………24
2.4.2 運動行為調節問卷(BREQ-2) ………………25
2.5 結語 ………………26
第三章、研究方法 ………………27
3.1 研究假設 ………………27
3.2 實驗參與者 ………………27
3.3 實驗設備 ………………28
3.3.1 開發環境選擇 ………………28
3.3.2 Walking Talking功能介紹 ………………29
3.4 實驗問卷 ………………34
3.4.1 國際身體活動量問卷(IPAQ) ………………35
3.4.2 運動行為調節問卷(BREQ-2) ………………35
3.4.3 實驗參與者基本問卷 ………………35
3.5 聊天機器人設定 ………………36
3.5.1 研究人員訓練 ………………37
3.5.2 聊天機器人介入情境 ………………37
3.5.3 對話語料庫 ………………39
3.6 內容分析 ………………41
3.6 實驗流程 ………………43
第四章、研究結果 ………………45
4.1 實際步數與目標步數之趨勢分析 ………………46
4.1.1 夥伴組與陌生組之實際步數分析 ………………47
4.1.2 聊天機器人介入後之實際步數變化 ……………… 50
4.1.3 夥伴組陌生組與之目標設定與達標率差異 ………………53
4.1.4 聊天機器人介入後之目標與達標率變化 ………………55
4.2 對話策略與步數表現分析 ………………58
4.2.1 七種對話策略之使用情況 ………………58
4.2.2 七種對話策略之使用成效 ………………60
4.3 運動行為調節問卷分析 ………………61
4.4 對話時機與內容 ………………63
4.4.1. 對話次數與對話時機 ………………63
4.4.2. 對話內容之內容分析結果 ………………64
4.5 小結 ………………67
第五章、討論 ………………69
5.1 夥伴組與陌生組之表現比較 ………………69
5.1.1 實驗參與者對同伴的感受 ………………70
5.1.2 目標設定對於步數表現的影響 ………………71
5.1.3 目標設定的差別 ………………75
5.1.4 不同關係的夥伴組表現比較 ………………77
5.2 對話內容對走路步數之影響 ………………78
5.2.1 夥伴組使用聊天室情形 ………………78
5.2.2 陌生組使用聊天室情形 ………………79
5.3 應用程式與聊天機器人的介入效果 ………………82
5.3.1 手機應用程式使用感受 ………………83
5.3.2 實驗參與者對聊天機器人的感受 ………………84
5.3.3 聊天機器人之介入頻率與時機 ………………87
5.4 健康促進應用程式與聊天機器人之設計洞察 ………………89
第六章、結論與未來發展 ………………90
6.1 結論 ………………90
6.2 未來發展建議 ………………91
參考文獻 ………………93
附件一、實驗參與者篩選問卷（包含IPAQ與BREQ-2） ………………100
附件二、實驗參與者回傳之手機截圖 ………………108

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