隨著時代的演進，人們生活水平也逐漸提升，產品品質已成為消費者購買時主要考量因素，因此企業以提升產品品質為主要策略，試圖維持企業在市場的競爭力。而驗收抽樣計畫（acceptance sampling plan）為統計品管中重要之工具，許多學者積發展各式驗收抽樣計畫，以滿足不同型態之資料及製程，提供生產者與消費者一個更量化的參考準則。其中，單次抽樣計畫（Single Sampling Plan, SSP）為在學術及實務上廣泛應用之方法，僅藉由一次抽樣之結果，來做為判決貨批之依據。其操作流程雖然容易但在品質水準要求較高或製程不良率較低時，採用單次驗收抽樣計畫通常需要較大的樣本數，以免發生誤判之風險。因此雙次、多次抽樣計劃的發展是期盼能解決單次抽樣計劃樣本數提高之問題，但其抽樣計劃須結合過去累計不良個數，以作為判決之決策。此機制在處理計數型品質特性較容易實現，但在計量型品質特性則會變得較複雜。因此本文提出多階段驗收抽樣計劃（Multi-stage Sampling Plan, MSSP），以克服多次抽樣計劃在處理計量型資料所面臨之問題。本文利用單邊規格製程能力指標Cpu及Cpl建構計畫參數之最佳化數學模型。並針對不同品質及風險水準組合下求解出所需的抽樣樣本數及允收標準，將其結果彙整於表格中以供實務參考應用。文末也將所提出之多階段驗收抽樣計畫與單次驗收抽樣計畫進行比較與分析，以進一步凸顯本研究之貢獻。

Acceptance sampling plan is a statistical tool of quality control. Many efforts were directed to make sure that consumers and producers are sentencing the inspection lot in the most cost-efficient way. A common practice is the single sampling plan, because of its simplicity. However, its simplicity comes with a downside that a larger sample sizes are usually required to avoid making a judgment mistake because there is only one chance to sentence the lot. Therefore, the double sampling plan and the multiple sampling plan are designed to resolve the problem of increasing sample sizes in a single sampling plan. However, the decision about the acceptance or rejection of a lot is based on past samples that have been inspected. Thus, making the implementation of variables sampling plans more complicated.
In this paper, we proposed a multi-stage sampling plan that can overcome complications on variables sampling plans and the shortcomings of the single sampling plan. Multi- stage sampling plan allows users to have the opportunity to confirm the inspection lot until judgment can be clearly made. The proposed sampling plan is based on a one-sided capability index that targets products with unilateral specifications. The plan parameters calculated by solving optimization mathematical model where the objective function to be minimized is the average sample number (ASN) and the plan parameters under various acceptable risk levels and required quality levels are summarized in the table for practical applications. Also, to further highlight the contribution of this research the proposed sampling plan is analyzed and compared with the existing single sampling plan in terms of the sample sizes required for inspection.

致謝.....i
摘要....ii
Abstract....iii
目錄.....iv
圖目錄...vi
表目錄..vii
第一章 緒論....1
1.1 研究背景與動機........1
1.2 研究目的.....3
1.3 研究架構.....4
第二章 文獻回顧.........6
2.1 驗收抽樣計畫.6
2.2 驗收抽樣計畫類型......8
2.2.1 品質特性之分類......8
2.2.2 操作方式之分類......9
2.3 驗收抽樣計化之績效評估......13
2.3.1 操作特性曲線.......13
2.3.2 平均抽樣樣本數......15
2.4 製程能力指標介紹......17
2.4.1 製程能力指標與良率之關係......18
2.5 單邊製程能力指標......19
2.5.1 單邊製程能力指標之估計量與抽樣分配.....20
2.5.2 單邊製程能力指標之假設檢定.....22
第三章 基於單邊規格界限產品多階段驗收抽樣計畫......24
3.1 計畫設計概念...24
3.2 操作程序與流程.......25
3.3 允收機率函數之介紹....27
3.4 計畫參數之數學模型....29
3.5 不同品質水準之平均抽樣樣本數分析......31
3.6 最終判決臨界值選用....39
第四章 分析與探討.......43
4.1 計畫參數求解與分析....43
4.1.1 最大允許抽樣次數....43
4.1.2 參數求解....49
4.2 比較分析與討論.......53
4.2.1 操作特性曲線之比較..53
4.2.2 驗收抽樣數之比較....55
第五章 圖形化界面與案例分析......59
5.1基於單邊製程能力指標之實際案例..59
第六章 結論與未來展望....66
6.1 結論........66
6.2 未來展望....67
參考文獻........68

一、中文文獻
1. 鄭春生 (2010)。品質管理─現代化觀念與實務應用，新北市：全華。
2. 蔡煜祥 (2017)。具調整機制之計量型重複群集抽樣計畫。國立清華大學工業工程與工程管理學系碩士論文，未出版，新竹市。
3. 陳冠潔 (2016)。基於製程能力指標之產出績效檢定與驗收抽樣計畫操作平台建構。國立清華大學工業工程與工程管理學系碩士論文，未出版，新竹市。

二、英文文獻
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