聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸(PC/ASA)由於其良好的機械性能，是傳統戶外材料的絕佳替代品。然而，易被紫外線老化是限制PC/ASA在工業應用中的最大瓶頸之一。
本研究分為三個階段，旨在增強材料的衝擊強度和抗紫外線老化性能。在第一階段，以殼核結構材料-丙烯酸樹脂(ACE)結合PC/ASA，其中ACE的殼材料為苯乙烯-丙烯腈(SAN)，核材料為聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)，探究ACE對材料拉伸性能和衝擊性能的影響。在第二階段中，目標是生產一種抗老化薄膜材料，以減緩基材PC/ASA力學性能的惡化。在第三階段中，為了拓展實際應用場景，將第二階段中的PS溶液替換為環氧樹脂，隨後還原氧化石墨烯(rGO)、改性奈米碳管(m-CNT)、改性碳球(m-CS)和UV-P添加到環氧樹脂中，形成具有高比表面積的奈米薄膜CUGC-250。
實驗結果表明，ACE的加入顯著提高了PC/ASA的衝擊強度和斷裂伸長率，使其更適合PC/ASA的應用。當ACE添加量為20 wt%時，PC/ASA/ACE的衝擊強度和斷裂伸長率提高最大，分別為14.1 %和48.4 %。在PC/ASA中加入ACE可有效提高PC/ASA的衝擊性能和斷裂伸長率，拓展PC/ASA的應用面。
第二階段結果顯示，在聚苯乙烯(PS)溶液中加入不同濃度的改性奈米碳管(m-CNT)和2-(2'-羥基-5'-甲基苯基)苯並三唑(UV-P)形成抗紫外線老化薄膜。由於m-CNTs和UV-P之間的協同作用，薄膜的紫外可見吸收光譜出現了明顯的紅移(吸收範圍由389nm增至398 nm)。UV-P/m-CNT薄膜在相同的條件下進行了老化測試，結果顯示表面僅有淺層開裂，表面粗糙度Sa增加40 %，Sq增加67 % (為所有薄膜中增加最少)。拉伸性能、衝擊性能和耐熱性的變化表明，塗覆PS/UV-P/m-CNT薄膜的PC/ASA經過1500 h老化後，拉伸性能和衝擊性能降低最少，分別為7.2 %和21.1 %。
第三階段結果顯示，相較於塗覆環氧樹脂薄膜的PC/ASA經過老化後拉伸性能和衝擊性能各降低了15.8 %和26.3 %，塗覆CUGC-250薄膜對PC/ASA的防護效果最好，拉伸性能和衝擊性能僅僅降低了0.8 %。結果證實，CUGC-250薄膜形成的三維結構在吸收部分紫外光的同時有效地防止了裂紋的形成。同時，CUGC-250的三維結構，具有複雜之字形路徑的阻隔作用和自身OH鍵對H2O分子的吸附作用，在抗腐蝕方面也有著廣泛的應用。

Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile-Styrene-Acrylic (PC/ASA) is an excellent alternative to traditional outdoor materials because of their good mechanical properties. However, their susceptibility to UV ageing is one of the biggest bottlenecks for PC/ASA in industrial applications.
The study was divided into three stages aiming to enhance the impact strength and UV ageing resistance of the materials. In the first stage, PC/ASA was combined with a shell and core structural material, acrylic resin (ACE), where the shell material of ACE is styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and the core material is Poly (butyl acrylate) (PBA), to investigate the effect of ACE on the tensile and impact properties of the materials. In the second stage, the goal was to produce an anti-aging film material to mitigate the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the substrate PC/ASA. In the third stage, in order to expand the practical application scenarios, the PS solution in the second stage was replaced with epoxy resin, and subsequently reduced graphene oxide (rGO), modified carbon nanotube (m-CNT), modified carbon spheres (m-CS), and UV-P were added to the epoxy resin to form a nanofilm CUGC-250 with high specific surface area.
The results showed that the addition of ACE significantly improved the impact strength and elongation at break of PC/ASA, which made it more suitable for the application of PC/ASA. When the addition of ACE was 20 wt%, the impact strength and elongation at break of PC/ASA/ACE increased the most, which were 14.1 % and 48.4 %, respectively. Although, the incorporation of ACE into PC/ASA can effectively improve the impact properties and elongation at break of PC/ASA and expand the applications of PC/ASA.
Therefore, in the second stage, to investigate the UV-ageing resistant films, different concentrations of modified carbon nanotubes (m-CNT) and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-P) were added to the polystyrene (PS) solution to form the films. Due to the synergistic interaction between m-CNTs and UV-P, the UV-visible absorption spectra of the films showed a significant red shift (increase in the absorption range from 389 nm to 398 nm). The UV-P/m-CNT composite film underwent ageing testing under the same conditions, resulting in a shallow surface cracking, with an increase in surface roughness Sa by 40 % and Sq by 67 % (the smallest increase of all the films). The changes in tensile properties and impact properties showed that PC/ASA coated with PS/UV-P/m-CNT film aged for 1500 h showed the least reduction in tensile properties and impact properties with 7.2 % and 21.1 %, respectively.
In the third stage, compared with the epoxy-coated PC/ASA, the tensile and impact properties of the aged PC/ASA films decreased by 15.8 % and 26.3 % respectively, and the CUGC-250 coated film had the best protective effect on PC/ASA, with the tensile and impact properties reduced by only 0.8 %. The results confirmed that the 3-dimensional structure formed by the CUGC-250 film effectively prevents cracks from forming while absorbing part of the UV light. The results confirm that the three-dimensional structure formed by the CUGC-250 film effectively prevents the formation of cracks while absorbing part of the UV light. At the same time, the three-dimensional structure of CUGC-250, with its complex zigzag pathway barrier effect and the adsorption of H2O molecules by its own OH bonds, also has a wide range of applications in corrosion resistance.

摘要 I
Abstract III
致謝 V
Contents VIII
List of Figures I
List of Tables VI
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Motivation 2
Chapter 2. Literature Reviews 4
2.1 PC/ASA Overview 4
2.1.1 Polycarbonate (PC) introduction 4
2.1.2 Acrylate-Styrene-Acrylonitrile (ASA) Introduction 5
2.1.3 Influence of the ratio of PC and ASA on PC/ASA performance 7
2.2 Research on the degradation of PC and ASA ageing 11
2.2.1 Ageing degradation studies of ASA resin 12
2.2.2 Ageing and degradation of PC 16
2.2.2.1 Photodegradation of PC 16
2.2.2.2 Thermal Oxygen Aging of PC 18
2.2.2.3 Hydrolysis of the PC 20
2.3 Toughening study of polymers 21
2.3.1 Research on compound modification 21
2.3.2 Phase morphology of the compound 23
2.3.3 Factors Affecting Compatibility 25
2.3.4 Methods to Improve Compatibility 27
2.3.5 Core-shell modifier 30
2.3.6 Toughening mechanism of polymers with core-shell modifiers 32
2.3.6.1 Multiple Silver Theory 33
2.3.6.2 Shear Yield Theory 34
2.3.6.3 Cavitation theory 34
2.3.7 Factors Affecting Core-Shell Modifiers 35
2.4 UV Resistant Coating 36
2.4.1 Research Progress 39
2.4.2 Coating and Film Formation 43
2.4.2.1 Physical direction 43
2.4.2.2 Chemical direction 44
2.4.3 Coating Classification 45
2.4.4 Coating Method 46
2.4.5 Curing Method of Coating 47
2.5 Classification of light stabilizers 48
2.5.1 UV shielding agents 49
2.5.2 UV absorbers 55
2.5.3 Radical scavengers 57
Chapter 3. Research Instrumentation and Materials 58
3.1 Experimental flowchart 58
3.2 Instrumentation 59
3.2.1 Instruments for PC/ASA/ACE preparation 59
3.2.1.1 Twin-screw extruder 59
3.2.1.2 Injection moulding machine 60
3.2.2 Instruments for the preparation of Functionalized Carbon nanotube 61
3.2.2.1 Water circulation vacuum filter 61
3.2.3 Instruments for the preparation of PS films 62
3.2.3.1 Spin coater 62
3.2.3.2 Ultrasonic oscillator 63
3.2.4 Instruments for the preparation of epoxy resin films 64
3.2.4.1 Bi-directional Direct Current Mixer 64
3.2.4.2 Three-roll mixer 65
3.2.4.3 Vacuum extraction system 66
3.2.5 Reduced graphene oxide 67
3.2.6 Morphology of the blends by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 68
3.2.7 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy 69
3.2.8 Tensile tests 69
3.2.9 Impact tests 70
3.2.10 Instrument of ageing resistance test 71
3.2.11 Salt spray testing machine 73
3.3 Experimental materials 74
3.3.1 ASA resin 74
3.3.2 PC 74
3.3.3 Acrylic resin (ACE) 75
3.3.4 Carbon nanotube 75
3.3.5 Polystyrene (PS) 75
3.3.6 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) 76
3.3.7 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole 76
3.3.8 Graphene oxide 76
3.3.9 Carbon sphere 77
3.3.10 Epoxy resin 77
3.3.11 Other materials 78
Chapter 4. Mechanical Strengthening of PC/ASA 79
4.1 Experimental Procedure 79
4.2 Results and discussion 80
4.2.1 Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectra Analysis 80
4.2.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis 82
4.2.3 Mechanical property analysis 84
4.3 Summary 89
Chapter 5. Increased UV resistance of polymer coating base on the addition of modified CNT and 2-(2’-hydroxy-5’-methylphenyl) benzotriazole 90
5.1 Experimental process 91
5.2 Results and Discussion 95
5.2.1 Synergistic effect between the m-CNTs and UV-P 95
5.2.2 Correlation between ultraviolet irradiation and the molecular weight of PC/ASA 96
5.2.3 Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the surface structures of the composite films 101
5.2.4 Changes in mechanical properties before and after ageing 105
5.3 Summary 108
Chapter 6. UV-resistant three-dimensional epoxy coating based on reduced graphene oxide, modified carbon nanotubes, modified fullerene, and UV-P 109
6.1 Experimental procedures 109
6.1.1 Preparation of modified CNTs, modified CS, and reduced GO 109
6.1.2 Fabrication of composite films 111
6.2 Results and discussion 114
6.2.1 Synergistic effect between CUGC-250 and UV-P 114
6.2.2 Correlation between UV irradiation and molecular weight of PC/ASA 115
6.2.3 Effect of UV irradiation on surface features of composite films 119
6.2.4 Film corrosion resistance analysis 123
6.2.5 Mechanisms of corrosion resistance 126
6.3 Summary 130
Chapter 7. Conclusion and Future Prospect 132
7.1 Conclusion 132
7.2 Future Prospect 135
Reference 136
Publication List 149

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