傳統傷口敷料缺乏促進細胞活動及監測傷口癒合能力，因此，本實驗設計一種具導電性的水凝膠敷料以解決這些問題。敷料由膠原蛋白膜、聚多巴胺交聯羧甲基殼聚醣(polydopamine-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan)的導電水凝膠層和指插式電極 (interdigitated array electrode, IDA)所組成，並將敷料敷在小鼠傷口上。導電水凝膠可作為傷口部位的電信號傳遞媒介，刺激傷口周圍的細胞，加速受傷組織恢復；在此同時，此導電敷料亦可利用無創方式監測傷口癒合進度。將水凝膠層上的指插式電極(IDA)與傳統電源或自供電奈米磨擦發電機(self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator)串聯，即可檢測受傷組織的電阻及輸出電流，此監測系統藉由WIFI，並搭載智慧型手機的應用程式進行數據收集和傳輸。該裝置可方便患者於日常生活中佩戴，並對潛在的感染狀況發出即時警訊，無線發送傷口恢復數據至遠端醫護人員進行動態監測，以實現遠程醫療。

Traditional wound dressings lack the abilities of promoting cellular activities that heal wounds and assisting in monitoring the progress of that healing. To address these concerns, an engineered electroactive dressing, which comprises a backing film of collagen, a layer of polydopamine-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan conductive hydrogel, and an interdigitated array (IDA) electrode, is developed and evaluated in a mouse model with a full-thickness skin defect. The incorporated conductive hydrogel offers a channel for electrical signal transmission at the wound site, stimulating electrical-stimuli responsive cells, accelerating the restoration of the wounded tissue. The IDA electrode, which is connected in series with a conventional power source or a self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, is able to detect the electrical resistance or output current across the wounded tissue for monitoring its healing progress noninvasively. This wound monitoring system is integrated with a WIFI-based system for wireless data collection and transmission, using a personal smartphone that is installed with an app program. Such a real-time wound monitoring system can be worn by patients in everyday life and issue early warnings to them for potential infection as well as wirelessly sending wound progression data to the remote medical staff for dynamic intervention, implementing telemedicine.

Contents
Abstract i
Contents iii
List of Figure v
List of Tables vii
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1. Conductivity in Wound Healing Process 1
1.1.1. Endogenous Electric Fields in Wound Region 1
1.1.2. Polymeric Conductive Materials in Wound Healings 2
1.2. Wound Healing Monitoring 3
1.3. Introduction of PDA-CMC Conducting Polymer 3
1.3.1. Introduction of Carboxymethyl Chitosan (CMC) 3
1.3.2. Introduction of Polydopamine (PDA) 4
1.4. Introduction of Triboelectric nanogenerator 5
1.5. Designing of The Electroactive Dressing Integrated with a Self-Powered System That Can Promote Wound Healing and Noninvasively Monitor Its Healing Progress 5
1.5.1. Purpose of Research 5
1.5.2. Experiment Design 7
Chapter 2: Materials and methods 8
2.1. Materials 8
2.2. Synthesis and Characterization of Conductive Hydrogel 8
2.2.1. Preparation of CMC 8
2.2.2. Preparation of PDA-CMC Hydrogel 8
2.3. Hydrogel Optimization 8
2.3.1. Gelation time 8
2.3.2. Conductivity of PDA-CMC 9
2.4. Adhesiveness of PDA-CMC 9
2.5. Antioxidant Activity of PDA-CMC 9
2.6. In Vitro Study 9
2.6.1. Hemocompatibility of PDA-CMC 9
2.6.2. Cytocompatibility of PDA-CMC 10
2.7. In Vivo Study 10
2.7.1. Preparation of IDA Electrodes 10
2.7.2. Animal Studies 10
2.7.3. Histological Examination 11
2.7.4. Immunohistochemistry Staining and Collagen Deposition 11
2.7.5. Wound Healing Monitoring 11
Chapter 3: Result and discussion 13
3.1. Synthesis and Characterization of CMC and PDA-CMC 13
3.2. Hydrogel Optimization 14
3.2.1. Gelation time 14
3.2.2. Conductivity of PDA-CMC 14
3.3. Adhesivness 15
3.4. Antioxidant 16
3.5. In Vitro Study 16
3.5.1. Hemocompatibility 16
3.5.2. Cyotoxicities 17
3.6. In Vivo Study 18
3.6.1. Wound Area Contraction 18
3.6.2. H&E Staining, Immunofluorescence Staining and Collagen Deposition 20
3.6.3. Wound Healing Monitoring 21
Chapter 4: Summary and Conclusion 30
References 31

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