本實驗為雙馬赫詹德干涉儀搭配自製窄線寬雷射為光源之分布式光纖入侵感測定位系統，並接收人為敲擊感測光纜所造成之干涉訊號來判定入侵位置。本實驗自訂三個判斷入侵條件並利用傅立葉轉換搭配特徵閾值來決定入侵位置，並利用一段時間內有多張圖平均之方式來減少誤差過大之情況，因此定義一警報閾值來表示這段時間內是否有真正入侵，因為利用一段時間內有多張圖的分析方式，所以同時間兩個不同地方之入侵也會存在單個入侵的時候，先將最遠處的單個入侵的位置找出然後往回計算另一個最近處的單個入侵位置，如此即可知道這段時間內兩點同時入侵之位置。

In this study, we use dual Mach-Zehnder interferometers with a narrow linewidth fiber laser as the light source for fiber-optic distributed intrusion detection and location system. Two interference signals caused by tapping the fiber cable are analyzed to determine the real intrusion and the location of the intrusion. We use three threshold conditions for intrusion to determine whether the fiber cable is intrusively vibrated or not. Once an intrusion is determined, we use a Fourier transform method to locate the intrusion. And, we average the positions calculated for multiple time frames to improve the location accuracy. To find out the two locations of intrusions made by simultaneous tapping on two different locations of the fiber cable, we divide the positions for multiple time frames into three groups.By taking an average on each group,we then obtain three locations,the farthest and the nearest locations of which are the two locations of real intrusions.

第一章 序論....1
1.1 研究背景.....1
1.2 研究動機與目標......2
1.3 文獻回顧.....2
1.3.1 相位敏感光時域反射儀(Phase Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, Ф-OTDR)[23].....2
1.3.2 桑克干涉儀(Sagnac Interferometer, SI)[24]...4
1.3.3 雙麥克森干涉儀(Dual-Michelson Interferometer)[25]...5
1.3.4 桑克-麥克森干涉儀(Sagnac–Michelson Interferometer)[26]....6
第二章 光纖元件介紹....8
2.1 被動元件....8
2.1.1 光隔離器(Isolator)...8
2.1.2 極化保持光纖(Polarization Maintaining Fiber, PM Fiber)...8
2.1.3偏振控制器(Polarization Controller, PC)....9
2.1.4 線偏振器(In-Line Polarizer, ILP)[30].....10
2.1.5 偏振分光器(Polarization Beam Splitter, PBS).....10
2.1.6 波長分波多工耦合器(Wavelength Division Multiplexer Coupler, WDM coupler)....11
2.1.7 薄膜濾波器(Thin-Film Filter, TFT)....12
2.2 主動元件.....13
2.1.1 摻鉺光纖放大器(Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier, EDFA)...13
第三章 實驗原理及架構....15
3.1 雷射訊號光源...15
3.2 雙馬赫詹德干涉儀入侵定位架構....22
3.3 入侵定位判斷法[37]....26
第四章 實驗結果及分析....29
4.1 訊號時域及頻域之分析及討論.....29
4.2 入侵條件閾值之訂定.....34
4.2.1 Signal amplitude (SA)....34
4.2.2 Frequency ratio (FR).....35
4.2.3 Level crossing (LC)......35
4.3 警報閾值之訂定......37
4.4 兩點位置入侵訊號之定位分析與討論......58
4.5 輔助軟體之使用及介紹....89
第五章 結論及未來展望..90
參考文獻..92

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