隨著製造技術快速發展，產品品質成為消費者購買商品時重要的考量因素，因此許多公司致力於追求高品質的產品以提高企業競爭力。驗收抽樣計畫 (acceptance sampling plan) 為實務中常用的品質管理工具，可提供買賣雙方判定貨批的決策準則。傳統抽樣計畫多以產品不良率作為品質判斷依據，然而現今製程不良率極低，需抽取大量樣本數才能有效反應實際製程能力，因此許多學者提出結合製程能力指標 (Process Capability Indices, PCIs) 發展計量型抽樣計畫，以解決所需檢驗樣本數過高的問題。跳批抽樣計畫 (Skip-lot Sampling Plan, SkSP) 為連續型抽樣計畫 (Continuous Sampling Plan type-1, CSP-1) 之延伸，針對製程所生產的批 (lot) 為單位，適用於一連串品質穩定且良好的連續貨批檢驗，透過檢查特定比例之貨批，以降低檢驗時間與成本。本研究綜合上述優點，發展兩種具單邊規格界限產品之計量型跳批抽樣計畫，型二跳批抽樣計畫 (SkSP-2) 與重複群集型二跳批抽樣計畫 (SkSP-RGS)，經由其中不同參考抽樣計畫的應用，達成降低檢驗成本之目的。本文利用指標估計值 及 之真實抽樣分配來建構數學模型進行計畫參數求解，並提供不同品質水準與常見風險組合下的參數求解結果表，以利於實務上之應用。此外將本研究提出之兩種跳批抽樣計畫與傳統抽樣計畫進行比較，進一步凸顯本研究之貢獻。最後，藉由建構圖形化使用者介面並結合實際案例說明計畫操作流程，以協助使用者進一步了解及運用。

With the rapid development of the manufacturing technologies, the quality of the products is an important factor for consumers, therefore, many companies are devoted to pursuing high-quality products to enhance their competitiveness. Acceptance sampling plans are practical quality management tools which provide decision rules for lot sentencing. Traditional methods mostly use the number of nonconforming items in the sample to determine the lots. However, it requires a large number of samples for measuring the process performance, so some scholars proposed to develop variables sampling plans with process capability indices (PCIs) in order to avoid the larger sample size. Skip-lot sampling plan (SkSP) evolved from the continuous sampling plan type-1 (CSP-1), this plan is applicable to bulk materials or products produced in successive batches or lots. As only some fractions of lots are examined, the cost of inspection is reduced. Hence, this paper aims to consolidate the advantage of process capability indices and skip-lot sampling plan, developing two variable-type skip-lot sampling plans for products with a unilateral specification limit, through the utilizing of various reference plans to decrease the amount of inspection. The proposed approach is derived by using the exact sampling distribution and tables of the plan parameters with regularly used risk levels and quality requirement are provided for quick application. In addition, the results are compared with other variables sampling plans. Finally, a graphical user interface was built according to the proposed plan procedures and methodologies to facilitate data input, plan selection, criteria calculation, and decision-making in practice.

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧與探討 6
2.1 製程能力指標 6
2.2 單邊製程能力指標 7
2.2.1 單邊製程能力指標之估計量與抽樣分配 9
2.2.2 單邊製程能力指標之假設檢定 10
2.3 驗收抽樣計畫 11
2.3.1 驗收抽樣計畫發展與種類 12
2.3.2 驗收抽樣計畫績效衡量 14
2.4 跳批抽樣計畫 16
2.4.1 型二跳批抽樣計畫 17
2.4.2 廣義跳批抽樣計畫 18
2.4.3 跳批重複抽樣計畫 20
第三章 基於單邊規格界限之型二跳批抽樣計畫 21
3.1 計畫設計概念與操作程序 22
3.2 計畫允收機率函數 24
3.3 計畫參數之數學模型 24
3.4 求解結果分析與探討 26
第四章 基於單邊規格界限之重複群集型二跳批抽樣計畫 39
4.1 計畫設計概念與操作程序 40
4.2 計畫允收機率函數 42
4.3 計畫參數之數學模型 43
4.4 求解結果分析與探討 45
第五章 圖形化使用者介面與案例分析 59
5.1 基於單邊規格界限之型二跳批抽樣計畫案例 60
5.2 基於單邊規格界限之重複群集型二跳批抽樣計畫案例 66
第六章 結論與未來發展 72
6.1 結論 72
6.2 未來發展 73
參考文獻 74
附錄A 78
附錄B 84

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