瘧疾長久以來都是危害人體健康甚鉅的疾病，在瘧疾消失的地區容易因醫療人員不熟悉而未能立即確診。而隨著硬體技術的進步，機器學習逐漸能協助解決臨床上的問題。現今對於瘧疾影像辨識的方法主要利用預訓練模型中大量的圖像特徵來協助辨識模型的建構，但預訓練模型參數量龐大、訓練耗時，且與瘧疾影像之間的關聯度低造成解釋性不足的問題。本研究在進行瘧疾細胞的預測時，發現分類正確的細胞瘧原蟲的有無清晰可辨，而分類錯誤之細胞則會出現瘧原蟲影像不清晰或是健康細胞內有雜訊而導致誤判，進而發想出在傳統輕量模型架構下，建構一類神經網路先辨識具有特定特徵細胞，如容易分類錯誤之細胞，再利用所取得的特徵幫助整體資料集的分類。本研究利用遷移學習的概念，先建構提取特定細胞特徵的模型，再將得到的細胞特徵遷移至整體資料辨識之模型並改善辨識準確率。在實證分析中，透過現行方式建構之模型與加入特定細胞特徵之模型進行比較，發現加入特定細胞特徵模型的表現的確優於現有之模型，並驗證子資料特徵應用於母資料集之可行性。並另外建構一瘧疾影像辨識模型提升現有辨識準確率

Malaria has long been a serious health hazard. In areas where malaria disappears, it is not easy to be diagnosed immediately because of unfamiliar medical staff. With the advancement of hardware technology, machine learning can gradually help solve practical problems. At present, the methods for malaria image recognition mainly use a large number of image features in the pre-trained model to assist in the construction of the recognition model. However, the large number of parameters of the pre-trained model, the time-consuming training, and the low correlation with the malaria image cause interpretability loss. In the prediction of malaria cells in this study, it was found that the presence of correctly classified cells, Plasmodium, was clearly discernible, and misclassified cells would have incorrect images of Plasmodium or noise in healthy cells, leading to misjudgment. Then came up with the idea of constructing a type of neural network to identify cells with specific characteristics, such as cells that are easy to misclassify, and then using the obtained features to help the classification of the overall data set under the traditional lightweight model architecture. This study uses the concept of transfer learning to construct a model that extracts specific cell characteristics, and then migrates the obtained cell characteristics to a model for overall data identification and improves the accuracy of identification. In empirical analysis, the model constructed by the current method is compared with the model with specific cell characteristics, and it is found that the performance of the model with specific cell characteristics is indeed better than the existing model, and verified the feasibility of applying the sub-dataset characteristics to the overall data set and construct a malaria image recognition model to improve the current recognition accuracy.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
一、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 5
1.3 論文架構 6
二、文獻回顧 8
2.1 卷積類神經網路 8
2.1.1 LeNet-5 8
2.1.2 AlexNet 9
2.2 遷移學習 13
2.2.1 Fine Tuning 14
2.2.2 Layer Transfer 16
2.2.3 遷移學習相關應用 18
2.3 瘧疾影像相關研究 19
三、問題描述 23
四、建構模型 26
五、實證分析 29
5.1 建構瘧疾影像辨識模型改善現今之辨識準確度 29
5.2 討論：遷移特定特徵細胞對整體辨識率之影響 32
六、結論與未來研究 38
6.1 結論 38
6.2 未來研究 38
參考文獻 39
附錄 43

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