摘要
近年來，生醫領域有顯著成長對於藥物混合、檢驗並觀察的應用越來越廣。但是由於現地檢驗不能像在實驗室中有各種儀器協助檢驗，故有開發「實驗室晶片」的需求。實驗室晶片能夠把傳統需多種儀器做到的多種功能，集中在一小片微流道晶片上完成，但目前還沒有同時可以混合不同黏滯度流體，並沖洗的微流道晶片。
本研究提出一系統化微流體晶片，結合了高黏滯度穩流結構、微型混合器、確定性側向位移沖洗結構與噴嘴/擴散器指壓式泵浦，能將兩種不同黏滯度流體混合均勻後，再用第三種液體(如水)沖洗。本晶片可以將原本需要微吸管、離心管、離心機等多項裝置，需時三十分鐘的細胞操作步驟縮短到20秒，大大縮短檢驗流程。
我們使用酵母菌及DiL螢光染劑來驗證微流體晶片效果，由實驗結果表明，高黏滯度穩流結構能確實提供穩定的穩流條件，微型混合器也能均勻的混合酵母菌與螢光染劑，噴嘴/擴散器指壓式泵浦也能有效地提供整個晶片動力源，最後的確定性側向位移沖洗結構也能有效的沖洗掉酵母菌上多餘的螢光染劑。反覆做三次驗證晶片混合螢光藥劑與酵母菌的沖洗效果，可以得到84%、79%與82%三筆螢光染色率。期望此晶片能有助於減少研究人員與醫療人員操作時間。

Abstract
In recent years, microfluidic chips have grown significantly in biomedicine and medical testing. Microfluidic chips with various functions have also increased significantly. This study proposes a systematic microfluidic chip that integrates a high-viscosity steady flow structure, a micro-mixer, a deterministic lateral displacement flushing structure, and a nozzle/diffuser finger-powered pump.
This systematic microfluidic chip has the feature of mixing two different kinds of fluids with different viscosities, and then rinse with the third kinds of fluid. Through this chip, the traditional cell operation steps could be simplified. Traditionally, equipment like micropipettes, centrifuge tubes, and centrifuges are needed. The operation process time could be reduced from around 20 minutes to 20 seconds through our systematic microfluidic chips.
For the functional verification of our proposed systematic microfluidic chip, yeasts and DiL fluorescent dye were used. The experimental results showed that the high-viscosity steady flow structure could stably provide a steady flow. The micro- mixer can uniformly mix yeast and fluorescent dyes. The nozzle/diffuser finger-powered pump can effectively provide the pumping power for the entire chip. The washing structure formed by using deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) can effectively wash away the excess fluorescent dye beside yeasts. We repeated the experiment three times to verify the washing effect on our microfluidic chip, and get three fluorescent staining rates, 84%, 79%, and 82%, respectively. This microfluidic chip can reduce the operating time of researchers and medical personnel.

目錄
Abstract II
摘要 III
致謝 IV
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3研究背景 4
1.3.1生醫微機電與實驗室晶片 4
1.3.2 即時檢測 (Point of Care Testing) 5
1.3.3 螢光分析 (Fluorimetry) 5
第二章 系統理論與晶片設計 6
2.1系統理論 6
2.1.1微流體晶片設計理論 6
2.1.1.1 雷諾數（Reynolds number） 6
2.1.1.5 有限元素法 10
2.1.2 高黏度對比微流體穩流系統 11
2.1.3 微型混合理論 13
2.1.3.1微型主動式混合器 13
2.1.3.2微型被動式混合器 14
2.1.4 確定性側向位移理論（Deterministic lateral displacement, DLD） 16
2.1.4.1 簡介 16
2.1.4.2 參數設計 17
2.1.4.3 基於確定性側向位移的沖洗理論（Cell washing base on Deterministic lateral displacement） 19
2.1.5 微型噴嘴/擴散泵浦理論 21
2.1.6 被動式壓力驅動微流體理論 23
2.1.6.1新式泵浦致動原理 26
2.1.7 電腦視覺處理 29
2.1.7.1前處理(Pre-process) 29
2.1.7.2分割與計算(Segmentation & Counting) 30
2.2 晶片設計 31
2.2.1總體晶片設計 31
2.2.1 高黏滯度對比穩流模組設計 32
2.2.3 微型混合器模組設計 34
2.2.4微型噴嘴/擴散泵浦模組設計一 35
2.2.5微型噴嘴/擴散器泵浦模組設計二 38
2.2.6 確定性側向位移模組設計 41
第三章 微流道晶片製程 42
3.1 製作流程 42
3.1.1 微流道母模製程 42
3.1.2 上層晶片製程 44
3.1.3 系統晶片製程 45
3.1.4指壓式泵浦製造 47
第四章 實驗材料與方法 48
4.1 實驗材料 48
4.1.1 MicroBeads 48
4.1.2乙二醇(Ethylene glycol) 48
4.1.3食用色素 48
4.1.4 DiL Stain 48
4.2實驗設備 49
4.2.1 樹莓派3B+(Raspberry Pi model 3B+) 49
4.2.2 樹莓派相機(Raspberry Pi NoIR Camera module V2.1) 50
4.2.3 注射泵浦（Syringe pump） 51
4.2.4有透鏡光路設計與架設(倒立式) 52
4.2.5自製微型化細胞分析儀 53
第五章　實驗模擬與結果討論 55
5.1高黏度對比流體模組模擬與測試 55
5.2 微型特斯拉混合器模組模擬與測試 59
5.2.1 高黏滯度流體混合測試 62
5.3 微型噴嘴/擴散泵浦模組設計一之定量測試 66
5.4 微型噴嘴/擴散泵浦模組設計二之定量測試 69
5.5整體晶片消耗測試 73
5.6電腦視覺處理結果 77
5.7整體混合與沖洗晶片之沖洗測試 79
第六章　結論與未來展望 83
第七章　參考文獻 85

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