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This thesis studies signal-to-background ratio (SBR) biphoton pairs with a paraffin-coated cell of heated atomic vapor. Several methods are applied to improve SBR of biphoton pairs. We use a hyperfine optical pumping (HOP) field to reduce the population in the ground state driven by the coupling field. Additionally, we change the regular vapor cell into a paraffin-coated vapor cell, being also able to reduce the population in the ground state driven by the coupling field. Such reduction of the population can decrease the fluorescence background in the probe SPCM, which is produced by the spontaneous Raman transition induced by the coupling field. By optimizing the experimental parameters in our system, we successfully generate biphotons with a high SRB. There will be two parts in this thesis. In chapters 1-6, we present the theoretical simulation of the EIT spectrum under the effect of HOP. We first study the EIT spectrum of thermal atomic N-type system and explain why the EIT peak splits if HOP is on resonance. After that, we simulate the optical pumping effect under the HOP, and discuss how the fluorescence background in the probe SPCM can vary with the HOP frequency. According to the study above, we will find out the best HOP parameters to optimize the SRB in the biphoton generation. In chapters 7~ 13, the experimental result of biphoton generation is presented. Firstly, we compare the system and the EIT spectrum, before and after the regular vapor cell was replaced by the paraffin-coated cell. Then, we show that the background in the probe SPCM comes from two sources: the fluorescence photons from the spontaneous Raman transition induced by the coupling field, and the probe photons from the second biphoton pair which is temporally nearby the first biphoton pair. By optimizing the parameters of the system, we successfully increased the SBR to 13 on August 5, 2019.
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