近幾年，隨著國內飼養寵物之比例逐年上升，動物醫院之數量亦呈現增加之趨勢。基於某些健康之因素，動物會被送至動物醫院進行診斷及治療，獸醫師通常會透過 X 光影像輔助診斷。動物進行 X 光照射時，大部分需要輔助者於X光室內協助固定動物，因 此該輔助者會接受到一定程度之劑量。故本研究之目的為建立輔助者於 X 光室內劑量之量測方法並評估該輔助者所接受之劑量以及提供相關輻射防護之建議。
本研究之實驗設計為放置自製假體於距離照野中心 50 公分處，並於假體上黏貼 TLD，相同位置亦放置 AT1121 及個人劑量佩章進行量測。並使用MCNP模擬進入 TLD之散射輻射有效能量以及自製假體與 ICRU假體之間劑量轉換因子。結果顯示如需使用個人劑量佩章進行動物用 X 光室內之輔助人員劑量監測則需多次曝露，使劑量值高於最低可測劑量值。另外，使用AT1121 時應調整為 Tvar 模式，較能準確地量測到該次曝露所造成之劑量。並於研究最後提供一劑量計算式，透過該計算式可以將 AT1121 之量測值轉換為 TLD 之劑量值後，再乘上 E/H*(10)之轉換因子得到有效劑量，用以評估輔助人員所可能接受之劑量。

In Taiwan, the number of veterinary hospital is growing rapidly in nearly two decades. For some health reasons, the pet is usually sent to a veterinary hospital to perform the X-ray inspection. Because the pet breeder needs to accompany the pet inside the X-ray room during the X-ray inspection in most cases, the breeder or helper in the X-ray room is also exposed to the scattered X-ray
radiation. Thereby, the purpose of this study is to build the
method to evaluate the helper’s dose and investigate the exposed effective doses of the helpers inside the X-ray inspection room during general veterinary radiographic procedures.
Over 40 veterinary hospitals were inspected on-site in this study. The doses were mainly measured using a plastic scintillation survey meter (Atomtex AT1121), the thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) and personnel dose badges in some cases. By means of setting the survey meter at the position of the pet breeder's (helper's) body which is assumed at a distance of 50 cm from X-ray
field center, and considering the conditions of wearing with and without lead apron respectively. The ambient dose equivalents were measured by the survey
meter. And the measured ambient dose equivalents were transferred into effective dose by considering the conversion factors suggested in EURADOS RP 106 report. Besides, Monte Carlo (MCNP) simulation was used to simulate the effective energy of scattered radiation and the conversion factors of the experimental phantom to the ICRU phantom.
The results show that the personnel dose badge may not be an appropriate dosimeter to evaluate the dose of helper inside the X-ray room since the dose per inspection is too low. Doses measured by different dosimeters are discussed and presented in this study. Besides, the helper’s dose measured by AT1121 should operate in Tvar mode instead of T mode. In the result of this paper, a
formula is provided to convert the ambient dose equivalent,
measured by AT1121 survey meter, into an effective dose to facilitate follow-up evaluation of the helper's dose.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目次 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2動物用X光機輻射防護規範 2
1.2.1輻射生物效應 2
1.2.2輻射劑量限值規範 3
1.2.3固定動物之方式 4
1.3動物用X光機 5
1.3.1 X光之產生 5
1.3.2 X光曝露影響因子 6
1.3.3 X光機之檢測 7
1.4文獻回顧 8
1.4.1人員劑量評估實驗設計 8
1.4.2人員劑量之計算與結果 11
1.5研究目的 13
第二章 材料與方法 14
2.1 輻射劑量計種類 14
2.1.1晶片式熱發光劑量計 14
2.1.2人員劑量佩章 17
2.1.3塑膠閃爍偵檢器 18
2.2 熱發光劑量計的篩選與校正 19
2.2.1 篩選 19
2.2.2劑量校正 23
2.3實驗條件與設計 25
2.3.1自製假體與其放置位置 25
2.3.2動物用X光機曝露條件 27
2.3.3劑量計與偵檢器之位置 28
2.3.4照射次數與輻射劑量之計算 30
2.3.5 X光機檢測項目及方式 31
2.4蒙地卡羅模擬 35
第三章 結果與討論 37
3.1人員劑量佩章 37
3.1.1 距離照野中心50 cm處之量測值 37
3.1.2 最低可測值 38
3.2晶片式熱發光劑量計 40
3.2.1距離照野中心遠近對於劑量之影響 41
3.2.2照野大小對於劑量之影響 42
3.2.3身體不同部位之劑量差異 44
3.3塑膠閃爍偵檢器 47
3.3.1 T模式 47
3.3.2 Tvar模式 51
3.4 輔助人員劑量 56
3.4.1能量依存性修正 56
3.4.2 AT1121與TLD量測劑量之轉換 59
3.5 X光機品質檢測 68
3.6 輻射防護建議 70
第四章 結論 72
參考文獻 74
附錄一 距離照野中心50公分處不同照野下之劑量 77
附錄二 AT1121與TLD之劑量數據與比值 80

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