隨著科技不斷的進步，生醫植入式裝置也逐漸成熟，讓疾病治療在藥物
與手術之外，增加了額外的治療方式。而由於半導體製程的進步，植入裝
置的功能更多樣，反應速度也更快，讓植入式設計更加穩定且有彈性。現
今的植入式裝置使用了無線能量傳輸做為供電方式，因此省去了電池植入
的必要性，在使用上更加方便。
本論提出了兩個能源管理系統架構，第一個系統架構為全集成線性穩壓
器，為了減少外掛大電容的使用，我們採用了N 型導通電晶體以強化漣
漪拒斥比，並採用雙反饋架構來增加頻寬以達到更快的暫態反應。並且在
路徑中加入了一個緩衝級的架構，降低了電荷泵漣漪對輸出電壓的影響。
電路採用TSMC 0.18 微米1P6M 製程，總面積為0.278mm2(包含測試整
流器與電荷泵，不含PAD)。此電路可以在輸入電壓1.1 伏特以上穩壓至
1.09 伏特並提供最大10mA 的輸出電流。
第二個架構為整流穩壓器，使用脈衝寬度調變(Pulse-Width Modulation)
與脈衝寬度調變(Pulse-Frequency Modulation) 來達成單階段整流並
穩壓，相較於傳統兩階段架構，省去一個濾波電容。電路使用TSMC 0.18
微米1P6M 製程，總面積為0.185mm2(不含PAD)。此電路可以在載波頻
率10Mhz 下產生1.05 伏特的輸出電壓以及10mA 最大輸出電流。
關鍵字–無線能量傳輸、線性穩壓器、整流器、整流穩壓器、生醫植入
晶片。

In this thesis, two types of the RX power management modules in wire-less powering systems are presented. The first one is the fully-integrated linear regulator and the other one is the single-stage rectifying regulator.
In order to reduce the count of the external components of biomedical implants, which would lead to large ripple of the rectifier output voltage, a N-type pass transistor is adopted in the presented linear regulator to have intrinsic filtering ability. In addition, dual feedback topology is implemented inside presented regulator to achieve higher system bandwidth and faster transient responses. The regulator is fabricated in TSMC 0.18µm 1P6M process occupying 0.278mm2 areas including the testing rectifier.
The rectifying regulator using pulse-width modulation(PWM) and pulse-frequency modulation(PFM) to accomplish single stage AC to DC regulation. Compared with conventional rectifier-LDO structure, the single stage regulator can reduce the power loss in each stage and lowering the overall quiescent power. The regulator is fabricated in TSMC 0.18µm 1P6M process occupying 0.185mm2 active areas. This rectifying regulator can regulate stable 1.05V and provides for 10mA load current at a carrier frequency of 10Mhz.

誌謝. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
摘要. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
圖目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
表目錄. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
第1 章緒論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 研究背景. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 植入式系統基本原理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 研究動機. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 章節簡介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
第2 章文獻回顧. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 載波頻率選擇. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 線性穩壓器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 單階段整流穩壓系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
第3 章使用全集成高電源拒斥比穩壓器之植入端穩壓系統. . . . . . . . . 12
3.1 電路架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2 整流器、電荷泵、時鐘恢復與能隙參考電壓電路. . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3 快速暫態反應高電源拒斥比穩壓器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.1 相位邊界與穩定性分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.3.2 輸入電壓電源拒斥比. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.3.3 電荷泵電源拒斥比. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.3.4 穩壓器啟動分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4 穩壓器前模後模表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.4.1 穩壓器前模表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.4.2 穩壓器後模表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.5 穩壓器量測表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.6 總結與文獻對比. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
第4 章快速暫態反應整流穩壓器之設計與建模. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.1 單階段整流穩壓器穩壓器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.1.1 操作介紹. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.1.2 切換偏移主動式比較器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.1.3 基底偏壓、電壓位準轉換器(Level Shifter) 與閘級驅動. . . 43
4.1.4 線性PWM/PFM 控制器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.1.5 反饋系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.1.6 啟動分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.2 脈衝寬度調變之理論模型計算. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.2.1 充電階段(charging stage) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.2.2 共振階段(Resonant stage) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.2.3 總環波型分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.2.4 電壓環增益分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.3 電路模擬表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.3.1 整流穩壓器前模表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.3.2 整流穩壓器後模表現. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.4 量測結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.5 總結與文獻對比. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
第5 章結論與未來工作. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
參考文獻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

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